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Exploring Material Solutions for Supercritical CO2 Applications above 800 °C

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Abstract

There has been recent interest in exploring revolutionary supercritical CO2 (sCO2) power cycles, and this exploratory investigation was seeking materials with CO2 compatibility at up to 1200 °C. Initial exposures were conducted at 0.1 and 2 MPa CO2 for up to 1000 h at 900–1200 °C. As expected, specimens of Mo and W that might be used as matrix materials in cermets were rapidly attacked under these conditions. Even an alumina-forming FeCrAlMo alloy showed high mass gains in less than 100 h at 1200 °C due to the formation of Fe-rich oxide. However, at 900–1100 °C, more protective behavior was observed for FeCrAlMo specimens, with or without pre-oxidation, in 0.1 MPa CO2, but increased attack was observed in 2 MPa CO2. In contrast, most Ni-based alloys exposed at 900–1100 °C showed higher mass gains and thicker reaction products than formed in air. Thus, Ni-based alloys appear less compatible with CO2 environments above 800 °C compared to lower temperatures. Low mass gains were observed for CVD SiC at 900–1200 °C, but MoSi2 and Mo(Si,Al)2 specimens did not form protective scales under these conditions at 1000 and 1100 °C.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank Haynes International (V. Deodeshmukh), Capstone Green Energy Corporation (D. Vicario) and Kanthal (E. Ström) for supplying materials for these experiments. The experimental work was conducted by B. Johnston, T. Lowe and V. Cox. E. Lara-Curzio and R. Pillai provided useful comments on the manuscript. This research was funded by the U.S. Department of Energy’s Office of Fossil Energy and Carbon Management.

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This research was funded by the U.S. Department of Energy’s Office of Fossil Energy and Carbon Management (field work proposal FEAA361).

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  1. Corrosion Science and Technology Group, Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P. O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831-6156, USA

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BP conceptualized and designed the experiment. Material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed by BP and JK. The first draft of the manuscript was written by BP and JK commented on previous versions of the manuscript and approved the final manuscript.

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Pint, B.A., Keiser, J.R. Exploring Material Solutions for Supercritical CO2 Applications above 800 °C. Oxid Met 98, 545–559 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11085-022-10134-2

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