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Selenoamino Acid-Enriched Green Pea as a Value-Added Plant Protein Source for Humans and Livestock

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Abstract

Selenium deficiency in various degrees affects around 15% of the world’s population, contributing to a variety of health problems. In this study, we examined the accumulation and biotransformation of soil applied Se-supplementation (sodium selenite and sodium selenate forms) at different concentrations, along with growth and yield formation of green pea, in a greenhouse experiment. Biotransformation of inorganic Se was evaluated using HPLC-ICP-MS for Se-species separation in the above ground parts of green pea. Results showed 3 mg kg−1 SeIV increased green pea growth biomarkers and also caused an increase in protein content in leaves by 17%. Selenomethionine represented 65% of the total selenium content in shoots, but was lower in pods and seeds (54 and 38%, respectively). Selenomethionine was the major species in all plant parts and the only organic selenium form in the lower SeIV concentration range. Elevating the dose of SeIV (≥30 mg kg−1) triggered detrimental effects on growth and protein content and caused higher accumulation of inorganic Se in forms of SeVI and SeIV. Selenocysteine, another organic form of proteinogenic amino acid, was determined when SeIV (≥10 mg kg−1) was applied in higher concentrations. Thus, agronomic biofortification using the appropriate chemical form and concentration of Se will have positive effects on green pea growth and its enriched shoots and seeds provide a value-added protein source for livestock and humans with significant increased selenomethionine.

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Abbreviations

BSA:

Bovine Serum Albumin

n:

Number

Na2SeO3 :

Sodium selenite

Na2SeO4 :

Sodium selenate

s.e.:

Standard error

SeIV:

Selenite

SeVI:

Selenate

SeCys2 :

Selenocysteine

SeMet:

Selenomethionine.

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Acknowledgements

We would like to thank Institute of Agrochemistry and Soil Science in University of Debrecen for its help to set up these experiments.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, Institute of Food Science, University of Debrecen, Böszörményi str. 138, Debrecen, H-4032, Hungary

    Farzaneh Garousi, Mihály Jánószky, Áron Soós & Béla Kovács

  2. Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, Institute of Crop Sciences, Department of Agricultural Botany, Crop Physiology and Biotechnology, University of Debrecen, Böszörményi str. 138, Debrecen, H-4032, Hungary

    Éva Domokos-Szabolcsy & Szilvia Veres

  3. Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, Institute of Agrochemistry and Soil Science, University of Debrecen, Böszörményi str. 138, Debrecen, Hungary

    Andrea Balláné Kovács

Authors
  1. Farzaneh Garousi
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  2. Éva Domokos-Szabolcsy
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  3. Mihály Jánószky
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  4. Andrea Balláné Kovács
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  5. Szilvia Veres
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Correspondence to Farzaneh Garousi.

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Garousi, F., Domokos-Szabolcsy, É., Jánószky, M. et al. Selenoamino Acid-Enriched Green Pea as a Value-Added Plant Protein Source for Humans and Livestock. Plant Foods Hum Nutr 72, 168–175 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11130-017-0606-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11130-017-0606-5

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