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Solvent free, environment benign synthesis of 1,4-dihydropyridines and polyhydroquinolines by using heterogeneous Zn/MCM-41 catalyst

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Abstract

Heterogeneous catalysis has been utilized in number of efficient reactions with higher selectivity of the product, more stable, reusable and easy for separation as compared to homogeneous catalysts. Generally, heterogeneous catalysts are prepared by using mesoporous materials, microporous materials, metal oxides and metal organic framework. The mesoporous materials have small particle size and high surface area as compared to the microporous materials. The adsorbent mesoporous materials have highly efficient for the therapeutic applications in chemistry hence it has best as compared to other heterogeneous materials. Herein, we have reported synthesis of 1,4-dihydropyridines and polyhydroquinolines at solvent free and environmental benign condition in the presence of Zn/MCM-41 catalyst. The present protocol gives excellent yield (89–96%) of the product within short reaction time by easy work up procedure and no need of further purification of product. The catalyst was characterized by XRD diffractometer, SEM, EDAX, TGA-DTA, BET surface area analysis and FT-IR Spectroscopy. The synthesized organic compounds were characterized by FT-IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, LC–MS spectrometry.

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Acknowledgements

Shankar Dhengale acknowledges the Chhatrapati Shahu Maharaj Research, Training and Human Development Institute (SARTHI), Pune, MH, India, for the award of Chief Minister Special Research fellowship and we have gratefully acknowledged the Research Strengthening Scheme, Shivaji University, Kolhapur for providing assistance for research work (SU/C & U. D. Section/86/1384 Date 28 March 2019)

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Shivaji University, Kolhapur, 416004, India

    Shankar D. Dhengale & Prashant V. Anbhule

  2. Chemical Engineering and Process Development Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411008, India

    Shankar D. Dhengale & Chandrashekhar V. Rode

  3. Fluorescence Spectroscopy Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Shivaji University, Kolhapur, 416004, MS, India

    Vaibhav M. Naik & Govind B. Kolekar

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  1. Shankar D. Dhengale
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Dhengale, S.D., Naik, V.M., Kolekar, G.B. et al. Solvent free, environment benign synthesis of 1,4-dihydropyridines and polyhydroquinolines by using heterogeneous Zn/MCM-41 catalyst. Res Chem Intermed 47, 3263–3287 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11164-021-04473-z

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