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A revision of Hexacanalis Perrenoud, 1931 (Cestoda: Lecanicephalidea) and description of H. folifer n. sp. from the zonetail butterfly ray Gymnura zonura (Bleeker) (Rajiformes: Gymnuridae)

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Abstract

Hexacanalis Perrenoud, 1931 was erected for H. abruptus (Southwell, 1911) Perrenoud, 1931 based on the presence of six excretory vessels, a unique feature among the Lecanicephalidea. The genus has since been considered a junior synonym of Cephalobothrium Shipley & Hornell, 1906 or Lecanicephalum Linton, 1890, or as a genus inquirendum. Based on examination of the syntype series of H. abruptus, this species is redescribed and a lectotype designated. Examination of cestodes from the zonetail butterfly ray Gymnura zonura (Bleeker) from off Indonesian Borneo resulted in the discovery of a second species. Hexacanalis folifer n. sp. is unique among lecanicephalideans in its possession of an ovary that is U-shaped in cross-section and craspedote proglottids with prominent posterior dorso-ventral processes in the form of large lappets. The presence of six excretory vessels, confirmed in both species, supports the validity of Hexacanalis. An additional species, H. pteroplateae (Zaidi & Khan, 1976) n. comb., also from a butterfly ray, G. micrura (Bloch & Schneider) [as Pteroplatea micrura (Bloch & Schneider)], is transferred to this genus from Cephalobothrium Shipley & Hornell, 1906. A revised diagnosis of Hexacanalis is presented. Seven species of this genus remain species inquirendae. Hexacanalis appears to parasitise species of the Gymnuridae van Hasselt; however, specific identifications of the hosts are in need of re-evaluation. A summary of the cestode parasites of the Gymnuridae is presented.

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Acknowledgements

We extend our gratitude to Janine Caira and Fahmi for assisting with the collection of the host specimen and Janine Caira also for assisting with the collection the tapeworm specimens. We are very grateful to Prof. Louis Euzet for providing access to Southwell’s type-specimens of Hexacanalis abruptus. We greatly appreciated the comments from two anonymous reviewers which significantly improved this manuscript. Collections were made under permit number 1586/FRP/SM/Vil/2008 issued by The State Ministry of Research and Technology - Republic of Indonesia (RISTEK). This research was funded by NSF BSI award Nos 0542941 and 0542846 and NSF PBI award Nos 0818696 and 0818823.

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  1. Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology and Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, 66045, USA

    Joanna J. Cielocha & Kirsten Jensen

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Cielocha, J.J., Jensen, K. A revision of Hexacanalis Perrenoud, 1931 (Cestoda: Lecanicephalidea) and description of H. folifer n. sp. from the zonetail butterfly ray Gymnura zonura (Bleeker) (Rajiformes: Gymnuridae). Syst Parasitol 79, 1–16 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11230-011-9291-1

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