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Effect of feeding slowly fermentable grains on productive variables and amelioration of heat stress in lactating dairy cows in a sub-tropical summer

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Abstract

Feeding low-fiber and high-energy diets to dairy cows is one approach to ameliorate heat stress (HS) by reducing heat increment (HI) during digestion. However, rapidly and slowly fermentable cereal grains differ in their HI. The aim of this experiment was to quantify if feeding slowly fermentable grains ameliorated the physiological responses to HS and improved milk production (MP) in dairy cows. Holstein-Friesian lactating dairy cows were housed in shaded pens and were fed either a total mixed ration (TMR) plus wheat (TMRW), a TMR plus wheat treated with 2% of a commercial starch-binding agent (TMRB), or a TMR plus corn (TMRC) (n = 8 cows per diet) during summer in Queensland, Australia. Respiration rate (RR) and panting score (PS) were measured four times a day; rumen temperature (RuT) was recorded every 20 min, and rectal temperature (RT) and milk samples were obtained every 4 days. Cows fed slowly fermentable grains had higher milk production (MP) than cows fed TMRW, and cows fed TMRC had lower RT than those fed TMRW and TMRB (P < 0.001). Rumen temperature was positively correlated with temperature-humidity index and negatively correlated with MP (P < 0.05). In summary, feeding TMRC ameliorated HS as indicated by lower RT and improved MP in dairy cows. Milk production was improved with starch-binding agents; however, this was not associated with efficient thermoregulatory responses. Furthermore, determination of RuT enabled the prediction of changes in physiological variables and productive responses due to HS in lactating dairy cows.

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Acknowledgments

Research described here within was partially funded by The Australian Government, Department of Agriculture. “Filling the Research Gap” project 1194374-167. Dr. Paula A. Gonzalez-Rivas received the post graduate scholarship Becas Chile from CONICYT and the Chilean Government for her PhD at The University of Melbourne. A section of this manuscript was originally published in the proceedings of the 31st Biennial Conference of the Australian Society of Animal Production. The authors acknowledge the assistance provided by students and staff from the School of Agriculture and Food Sciences of The University of Queensland. The authors gratefully acknowledge FeedWorks for supplying the grains and Bioprotect used in this experiment.

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Correspondence to Paula A. Gonzalez-Rivas.

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Animal ethics approval was provided by The University of Queensland Animal Ethics Committee (AE04337).

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Gonzalez-Rivas, P.A., Sullivan, M., Cottrell, J.J. et al. Effect of feeding slowly fermentable grains on productive variables and amelioration of heat stress in lactating dairy cows in a sub-tropical summer. Trop Anim Health Prod 50, 1763–1769 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-018-1616-5

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