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The importance of calciuria as lithogenic factors in patients with osteopenia/osteoporosis

  • Urology - Original Paper
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Abstract

Purpose

Recurrent kidney stones are associated with bone mineral density loss, altered bone remodeling markers, hypercalciuria and increased in fasting calcium/creatinine ratio. The objective was to determine biochemical alterations in urine in patients with osteopenia/osteoporosis without calcium kidney stones compared with patients with calcium kidney stones.

Methods

This is a cross-sectional study including 142 patients who were divided in two groups: Group 1 (patients with recurrent calcium kidney stones) and Group 2 (patients with osteopenia/osteoporosis in the lumbar spine or hip). Analyses of bone mineral density, calcium–phosphorous and bone metabolism and lithogenic risk factors in fasting urine samples and 24-h urine samples were performed. Statistical analysis was carried out with SPSS 17.0. A p ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results

Patients in Group 2 presented greater loss of bone mineral density and more elevated alkaline phosphatase, iPTH, phosphorous and β-crosslaps levels, as compared to patients in Group 1. However, Group 1 presented greater urine calcium, oxalate and uric acid and a higher proportion of hypocitraturia, hypercalciuria and hyperoxaluria, as compared to Group 2. Multivariate analysis revealed that advanced age and β-crosslaps levels are risk factors for bone mineral density loss, while low urinary calcium excretion was protective against bone demineralization.

Conclusion

Patients with osteopenia/osteoporosis without lithiasis present some urinary biochemical alterations. This would explain the lack of lithogenic activity, although low calcium excretion in 24-h urine samples is a protective factor against the loss of bone mineral density.

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Notes

  1. Determined by schimioiluminescence using the automatic analyzer LIAISON-Osteocalcin (DIASORIN).

  2. Determined by schimioiluminescence immunoassay “ECLIA” using the automatic analyzer Elecsys MODULAR ANALYTICS E170—(Roche Diagnostic).

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Acknowledgments

This article is part of Doctoral Thesis of María de la Sierra Giron-Prieto. This article and investigation has been funded by Fundación Progreso y Salud. Junta de Andalucía. PI 0766/2013.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. UGC Urologia, Hospital Universitario San Cecilio, IBS Granada, Granada, Spain

    Miguel Arrabal-Martin

  2. UGC Análisis Clínicos, Hospital Santa Ana, Granada, Spain

    Antonio Poyatos-Andujar

  3. UGC Urología, Hospital La Inmaculada, Huercal Overa, Almeria, Spain

    María del Carmen Cano-García & Miguel Angel Arrabal-Polo

  4. UGC Endocrinología, Hospital Universitario San Cecilio, Granada, Spain

    Miguel Quesada-Charneco

  5. UGC Urología, Hospital Universitario San Cecilio, Granada, Spain

    Felix Abad-Menor

  6. Programa de doctorado en Medicina Clínica y Salud Pública, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain

    María Sierra Girón Prieto

  7. UGC Análisis Clínicos, Hospital Universitario San Cecilio, Granada, Spain

    Tomás de Haro Muñoz

Authors
  1. Miguel Arrabal-Martin
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  2. Antonio Poyatos-Andujar
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  3. María del Carmen Cano-García
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  4. Miguel Quesada-Charneco
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  5. Felix Abad-Menor
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  6. María Sierra Girón Prieto
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  7. Tomás de Haro Muñoz
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  8. Miguel Angel Arrabal-Polo
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Miguel Angel Arrabal-Polo.

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Arrabal-Martin, M., Poyatos-Andujar, A., del Carmen Cano-García, M. et al. The importance of calciuria as lithogenic factors in patients with osteopenia/osteoporosis. Int Urol Nephrol 47, 445–449 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11255-015-0918-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11255-015-0918-z

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