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Volunteering in a School Kitchen Garden Program: Cooking Up Confidence, Capabilities, and Connections!

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Abstract

This paper reports on the evaluation of a kitchen garden program in primary schools in Victoria, Australia. It focuses on the motivations, impacts, and issues associated with volunteering in the program. The study revealed that volunteers are drawn from a range of sources, including: families of current and former students, former teachers, local residents, clients of aged care and/or disability services, other schools and communities, local universities, community organizations, the community services sector, and the corporate sector. Benefits to volunteers included: opportunities to use time productively, an increased sense of belonging, learning opportunities, and an increased sense of self-worth and enjoyment. For schools, volunteers enhanced engagement between the school and the local community, enabled them to engage more effectively with hard to reach groups, and increased student engagement. In addition, the involvement of volunteers improved the sustainability of the program, improved communication between teachers and families of students from minority ethnic groups, and gave students the chance to relate to new people, to learn from their experience and to have fun in working with the volunteers. Perhaps the most telling benefits to flow both to students and to volunteers were not the “three Rs—reading, w’riting and a’rithmetic” but the three Cs—confidence, capabilities, and connections. However, a clearly identified issue was the importance of matching volunteers’ motivations and needs with the roles they play to sustain current levels of volunteering and, therefore, the program itself.

Résumé

Cet article présente une évaluation d’un programme d’initiation à la cuisine dans des écoles primaires de l’Etat de Victoria, en Australie. L’analyse se concentre sur les motivations, les effets et les problèmes liés au bénévolat au sein de ce programme. L’étude révèle que les bénévoles proviennent d’origines très variées : familles d’anciens et de nouveaux élèves, ex-enseignants, voisinage, bénéficiaires de services aux personnes âgées et/ou handicapées, autres écoles et communautés, universités locales, organismes municipaux, secteur des services de proximité, et monde de l’entreprise. Les avantages que les bénévoles retirent du programme incluent : des opportunités d’utiliser leur temps de façon productive, un sentiment plus fort d’appartenance à un groupe, des opportunités éducatives, et un renforcement de leur sentiment d’estime de soi et une satisfaction accrue. Quant aux écoles, les bénévoles améliorent leurs interactions avec la communauté locale, leur permet d’agir de façon plus efficace auprès de groupes autrement difficiles à atteindre, et incitent les élèves à s’investir davantage. De plus, l’action des bénévoles accroît la durabilité du programme, améliore la communication entre les enseignants et les familles d’élèves issus de minorités ethniques, et donne aux élèves la chance de nouer des liens avec de nouvelles personnes, d’apprendre de leurs expériences, et de se divertir tout en travaillant avec les bénévoles. Peut-être que le gain le plus significatif pour les élèves comme pour les bénévoles ne réside pas dans les trois piliers classiques : lecture, écriture, arithmétique, mais dans les trois piliers que constituent confiance, aptitudes, et connections. Cependant, un problème apparaît clairement : il sera important de donner aux bénévoles un rôle qui correspond à leurs aspirations et leurs besoins afin de maintenir le bénévolat à son niveau courant, et par conséquent, le programme lui-même.

Zusammenfassung

In diesem Beitrag wird ein Küchengartenprogramm an Grundschulen im australischen Bundesstaat Victoria bewertet. Im Vordergrund stehen die Motivationen, Auswirkungen und Probleme in Verbindung mit einer ehrenamtlichen Mitwirkung bei dem Programm. Die Studie zeigte, dass die ehrenamtlichen Mitarbeiter aus einer Reihe unterschiedlicher Bereiche kommen bzw. diverse Hintergründe haben. Unter anderem sind sie Familienmitglieder derzeitiger oder ehemaliger Schüler, ehemalige Lehrer, Gemeindemitglieder und Kunden von Dienstleistungseinrichtungen für ältere bzw. behinderte Menschen; manche kommen von anderen Schulen und aus anderen Gemeinden sowie von lokalen Universitäten, Gemeindeorganisationen, aus dem Gemeindedienstleistungssektor und dem Wirtschaftssektor. Durch die ehrenamtliche Tätigkeit erhielten sie die Gelegenheit, ihre Zeit produktiv zu nutzen. Ihr Zugehörigkeitsgefühl wurde gestärkt, und die Tätigkeit brachte Lernmöglichkeiten, ein erhöhtes Selbstwertgefühl und Freude mit sich. Die Vorteile für die Schulen waren, dass durch die ehrenamtlichen Mitarbeiter das Zusammenwirken zwischen ihnen und den Gemeinden gefördert wurde, sie sich effektiver mit schwer erreichbaren Gruppen auseinandersetzen konnten und das Engagement der Schüler erhöht wurde. Zudem führte die Involvierung ehrenamtlicher Mitarbeiter zu einer verbesserten Nachhaltigkeit des Programms und einer besseren Kommunikation zwischen den Lehrern und den Angehörigen von Schülern aus ethnischen Minderheitsgruppen. Die Schüler konnten neue Beziehungen aufbauen, aus ihren Erfahrungen lernen, und sie hatten Spaß an der Arbeit mit den ehrenamtlichen Mitarbeitern. Die bedeutendsten Vorteile für sowohl Schüler als auch ehrenamtliche Mitarbeiter waren vielleicht nicht die drei grundlegenden Fertigkeiten Lesen, Schreiben und Rechnen, sondern die drei Qualitäten Selbstvertrauen, Fähigkeiten und Verbindungen. Allerdings wurde deutlich herausgestellt, wie wichtig es ist, die Motivationen und Bedürfnisse der ehrenamtlichen Mitarbeiter bei den von ihnen übernommenen Rollen zu berücksichtigen, um das gegenwärtige Maß ehrenamtlicher Beteiligung und somit das Programm selbst zu erhalten.

Resumen

El presente documento informa de la evaluación de un programa de huerto en escuelas primarias en Victoria (Australia). Se centra en las motivaciones, los impactos y las cuestiones asociadas al voluntariado en dicho programa. El estudio reveló que los voluntarios procedían de una gama de fuentes, incluidas: familias de estudiantes actuales y antiguos, antiguos profesores, residentes locales, clientes de los servicios para discapacitados y/o de atención a personas mayores, otras escuelas y comunidades, universidades locales, organizaciones de la comunidad, el sector de servicios comunitarios y el sector corporativo. Los beneficios para los voluntarios incluyeron: oportunidades para utilizar el tiempo de manera productiva, un aumento del sentido de pertenencia, oportunidades de aprendizaje y un aumento del sentido del disfrute y del propio valor. Para las escuelas, los voluntarios aumentaron el compromiso entre la escuela y la comunidad local, les permitió comprometerse más efectivamente con grupos a los que es difícil llegar y aumentó el compromiso de los estudiantes. Asimismo, la implicación de voluntarios mejoró la sostenibilidad del programa, mejoró la comunicación entre los profesores y las familias de estudiantes de grupos étnicos minoritarios, y ofreció a los estudiantes la oportunidad de relacionarse con personas nuevas, aprender de su experiencia y divertirse trabajando con los voluntarios. Quizás los beneficios más elocuentes derivados tanto a los estudiantes como a los voluntarios no fueron las tres R—lectura, escritura y aritmética, del inglés “reading, w-riting and a-ritmetic”, sino las tres C—confianza, capacidades y conexiones. Sin embargo, una cuestión claramente identificada fue la importancia de ajustar las motivaciones y necesidades de los voluntarios a los papeles a desempeñar para mantener los niveles actuales de voluntariado y, por consiguiente, el propio programa.

摘要

本文报告了对澳大利亚维多利亚州小学菜园计划的评估结果,着重探讨了自愿者参加该计划的动机、影响及存在的问题。此次研究发现,自愿者来自各个领域,包括:正在及曾经在学校就读的学生的家庭、前任教师、当地居民、老龄护理和/或残障服务的客户、其他学校和社区、本地大学、社区组织、社区服务部门和企业。自愿者获得的益处包括:有成效地利用时间的机会、更有归属感、学习的机会、更有自我价值感和愉悦感。就学校而言,自愿者增进了学校与当地社区的相互沟通,使学校能够更有效地与平时不易接触到的团体进行交流,同时也增强了学生的参与精神。此外,自愿者的参与还提高了该计划的可持续性,增进了教师与少数族裔学生家庭的沟通,让学生有机会结识原本不相识的人,从自己的体验中增长见识,通过与自愿者一起劳动来获得乐趣。对学生和自愿者来说,最明显的益处也许不是“三个 R – 读 (reading)、写 (w’riting)和算数(a’rithmetic)”,而是“三个 C – 自信 (confidence)、能力 (capabilities) 和联系 (connections)”。不过,我们也发现了一个明显的问题 – 重要的是让自愿者的动机和需求匹配他们扮演的角色,以维持现有的自愿参与水平,进而维持计划本身。

ملخص

هذا البحث يعلن عن تقييم برنامج حديقة المطبخ في المدارس الابتدائية في مدينة فيكتوريا، أستراليا. لأنه يركز على الدوافع، التأثير والمشاكل المرتبطة بالعمل التطوعي في هذا البرنامج. كشفت الدراسة التي تم إستخلاصها من المتطوعين من مجموعة من المصادر، بما في ذلك: عائلات الطلاب الحاليين والسابقين، المعلمين السابقين، سكان محليين، عملاء من رعاية المسنين و/أو خدمات الإعاقة، غيرها من المدارس والمجتمعات ، الجامعات المحلية ومنظمات المجتمع المحلي، قطاع خدمات المجتمع وقطاع الشركات. فوائد للمتطوعين تشمل: فرص لإستخدام وقت مثمر، تصاعد مشاعر الإنتماء، فرص المعرفة، وتصاعد مشاعر الذات والتمتع بها. للمدارس، زيادة إشراك المتطوعين بين المدرسة والمجتمع المحلي، مكنهم من المشاركة بمزيد من الفعالية مع مجموعات يصعب الوصول إليها وزيادة مشاركة الطلاب..بالإضافة إلى ذلك، إشراك المتطوعين أدخل تحسينات في إستدامة البرنامج، تحسين الإتصال بين المعلمين وأسر الطلاب من مجموعات الأقليات العرقية، وأعطى الطلاب فرصة لتتصل بأشخاص جدد، وعلى التعلم من خبراتهم والحصول على المتعة في العمل مع المتطوعين. وربما كان الأكثر فائدة التي يمكن ذكرها لتتدفق على حد سواء للطلاب والمتطوعين ليس – الثلاثة التي بها بالإنجليزية حرف(Rs) القراءة، الكتابة و الحساب ولكن الثلاثة التي بها بالإنجليزية حرف (Cs) - الثقة ، القدرات والإتصالات. مع ذلك، كان هناك مشكلة محددة تحديد˝ا واضحا˝ هي أهمية مطابقة دوافع المتطوعين والإحتياجات والأدوار التي تقوم بها للحفاظ على المستويات الحالية للعمل التطوعي، بالتالي، البرنامج نفسه.

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Notes

  1. NvIvo: Software designed for qualitative and mixed methods research data analysis. http://www.qsrinternational.com/products_nvivo.aspx

  2. Ardoch Youth Foundation: a not for profit organisation in Australia that links schools, corporate organisations, and communities, generating resources to support and facilitate projects that assist young people and their families, including those experiencing disadvantage, to be in school.

  3. Through the inclusion of ‘learning stories’ on its website, the Stephanie Alexander Kitchen Garden Foundation enables schools and others involved in its programs to share information which may help to answer the “can you” questions identified in this research.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to acknowledge the generosity of the school communities who committed considerable time and effort to participate in the evaluation. The funding provided by the Stephanie Alexander Kitchen Garden Foundation to conduct the evaluation is also gratefully acknowledged, as is the financial support the Foundation received for the evaluation from VicHealth, the Helen Macpherson Smith Trust, the Victorian Department of Education and Early Childhood Development, and Deakin University. Lisa Gibbs and Lisa Gold acknowledge the NHMRC Capacity Building Grant for Child and Adolescent Obesity Prevention, and Lisa Gibbs the Jack Brockhoff Child Health and Wellbeing Program for salary and operational funding support. For their assistance in the early stages of this project: Elizabeth Waters, Helen Bolger-Harris, Monica Green, Lucy Westerman, Michele Bell, and Sing Kai Lo are also gratefully acknowledged.

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Townsend, M., Gibbs, L., Macfarlane, S. et al. Volunteering in a School Kitchen Garden Program: Cooking Up Confidence, Capabilities, and Connections!. Voluntas 25, 225–247 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11266-012-9334-5

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