Abstract
Europium (Eu3+)-labeled antibody was used as a fluorescent label to develop a highly sensitive time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay (TRFIA) for determination of clothianidin residues in agricultural samples. Toward this goal, the Eu3+-labeled polyclonal antibody and goat anti-rabbit antibody were prepared for developing and evaluating direct competitive TRFIA (dc-TRFIA) and indirect competitive TRFIA (ic-TRFIA). Under optimal conditions, the half-maximal inhibition concentration (IC50) and the limit of detection (LOD, IC10) of clothianidin were 9.20 and 0.0909 μg/L for the dc-TRFIA and 2.07 and 0.0220 μg/L for the ic-TRFIA, respectively. The ic-TRFIA has no obvious cross-reactivity with the analogues of clothianidin except for dinotefuran. The average recoveries of clothianidin from spiked water, soil, cabbage, and rice samples were estimated to range from 74.1 to 115.9 %, with relative standard deviations of 3.3 to 11.7 %. The results of TRFIA for the blind samples were largely consistent with gas chromatography (R 2 = 0.9902). The optimized ic-TRFIA might become a sensitive and satisfactory analytical method for the quantitative monitoring of clothianidin residues in agricultural samples.
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Acknowledgments
This work was supported by the National “863” High-Tech Research Program of China (no. 2011AA100806), the Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest (no. 201203022), and the Project of Graduates’ Research Innovative Programs from Colleges and Universities of Jiangsu Province (no. CXZZ13-0305).
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Li, M., Sheng, E., Yuan, Y. et al. Sensitive time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay for quantitative determination of clothianidin in agricultural samples. Environ Sci Pollut Res 21, 5803–5809 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-014-2506-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-014-2506-7