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Dissipation of deltamethrin, triazophos, and endosulfan in ready mix formulations in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) and Egg plant (Solanum melongena L.)

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Abstract

Persistence of delltamethrin, endosulfan, and triazophos in egg plant and tomato was studied following application of two ready mix formulations of insecticides viz. deltametrhin and endosulfan (Cobra 5000; 0.75 % deltamethrin + 29.5 % endosulfan) and deltamethrin and triazophos (Annaconda Plus; 1 % deltamethrin + 35 % triazophos) at recommended (1.0 L/ha and double dose 2.0 L/ha). The residues of deltamethrin persisted till 7 and 5 days in tomato and egg plant fruits, respectively, in the ready mix formulation of Cobra 5000 whereas endosulfan persisted till 15 and 10 days in tomato and egg plant fruits, respectively. Dissipation of the insecticides followed first-order kinetics with half-life values of deltamethrin and endosulfan ranged from 2.6 to 4.7 and 1.4 to 1.7 days, respectively, for both the vegetables. In case of combination mix of deltamethrin and triazophos (Annaconda Plus), deltamethrin persisted beyond 5 days in both tomato and egg plant fruits, while triazophos persisted till 10 days in both the vegetables. Residues of deltamethrin and triazophos dissipated with half-life of 2.6–4.2 and 1.7–4.1 days, respectively, on tomato and egg plant fruits. Based on the Codex MRL limits, a safe waiting period of 5 and 3 days is suggested for tomato and egg plant, respectively, for the ready mix formulation of deltamethrin and endosulfan (Cobra 5000), and 5-day waiting period is suggested for tomato and egg plant for the combination mix of deltamethrin and triazophos.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are thankful to Director and Joint Director Research and Head of the Division, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, for providing the facilities and encouragement for research. Contribution No. 1122, Division of Agricultural Chemicals, IARI, New Delhi 110012.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Agricultural Chemicals, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India

    Irani Mukherjee & Aman Kumar

  2. Division of Agronomy, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India

    Ashok Kumar

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  1. Irani Mukherjee
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  2. Ashok Kumar
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  3. Aman Kumar
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Correspondence to Irani Mukherjee.

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Responsible editor: Ester Heath

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Mukherjee, I., Kumar, A. & Kumar, A. Dissipation of deltamethrin, triazophos, and endosulfan in ready mix formulations in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) and Egg plant (Solanum melongena L.). Environ Sci Pollut Res 22, 14169–14177 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-015-4637-x

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