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Effects of dicyandiamide and acetylene on N2O emissions and ammonia oxidizers in a fluvo-aquic soil applied with urea

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Abstract

Ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) are crucial for N2O emission as they carry out the key step of nitrification. Dicyandiamide (DCD) and acetylene (C2H2) are typical nitrification inhibitors (NIs), while the comparative effects of these NIs on N2O production and ammonia oxidizers’ (AOB and AOA) growth are unclear. Four treatments including a control, urea, urea + DCD, and urea + C2H2 were set up to investigate their effect of inhibiting soil nitrification, nitrification-related N2O emission as well as the growth of ammonia oxidizers with a fluvo-aquic soil using microcosms for 28 days. N2O emission and net nitrification rate increased after the application of urea, but were significantly restrained in urea + NI treatments, while C2H2 was more effective in reducing N2O emission and nitrification rate than DCD. The abundance of AOB, which was significantly correlated with N2O emission and net nitrification rate, was more inhibited by C2H2 than DCD. Furthermore, the application of urea in all the soils had little impact on the AOA community, while obvious shifts of AOB community structure were found compared with the control. All AOB sequences fell within Nitrosospira cluster 3, and the AOA community was clustered to group 1.1b. Collectively, it indicated that application of urea combined with NIs (DCD or C2H2) could potentially alter N2O emission, mainly through regulating the growth of AOB but not AOA in this fluvo-aquic soil.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDB15020200) and by the Natural Science Foundation of China (41322007 and 41371265). We appreciate the English improvements from Dr. Moniruzzaman Khan Eusufzai and Dr. PM Chalk (from the University of Melbourne).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 18 Shuangqing Road, Beijing, 100085, China

    Qing Wang, Li-Mei Zhang, Ju-Pei Shen, Shuai Du, Li-Li Han & Ji-Zheng He

  2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China

    Qing Wang, Li-Mei Zhang, Ju-Pei Shen, Shuai Du & Ji-Zheng He

  3. Melbourne School of Land and Environment, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia

    Ji-Zheng He

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  1. Qing Wang
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Wang, Q., Zhang, LM., Shen, JP. et al. Effects of dicyandiamide and acetylene on N2O emissions and ammonia oxidizers in a fluvo-aquic soil applied with urea. Environ Sci Pollut Res 23, 23023–23033 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-016-7519-y

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