Abstract
The discharge of emerging pollutants, such as beta-blockers (BB), has been recognized as one of the major threats to the environment due to the ecotoxicity associated with these emerging pollutants. The BB are prescribed to treat high blood pressure and cardiovascular diseases; however, even at lower concentration, these pollutants can pose eco-toxic impacts towards aquatic organisms. Additionally, owing to their recalcitrant nature, BB are not effectively removed through conventional technologies, such as activated sludge process, trickling filter and moving bed bioreactor; thus, it is essential to understand the degradation mechanism of BB in established as well as embryonic technologies, like adsorption, electro-oxidation, Fenton process, ultraviolet-based advance oxidation process, ozonation, membrane systems, wetlands and algal treatment. In this regard, this review articulates the recalcitrant nature of BB and their associated removal technologies. Moreover, the major advantages and limitations of these BB removal technologies along with the recent advancements with regard to the application of innovative materials and strategies have also been elucidated. Therefore, the present review intends to aid the researchers in improving the BB removal efficiency of these technologies, thus alleviating the problem of the release of BB into the environment.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
Data availability
Some or all data, models or code that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
References
Afsa S, Hamden K, Lara Martin PA, Ben MH (2020) Occurrence of 40 pharmaceutically active compounds in hospital and urban wastewaters and their contribution to Mahdia coastal seawater contamination. Environ Sci Pollut Res 27:1941–1955. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-06866-5
Ahammad SZ, Gomes J, Sreekrishnan TR (2008) Wastewater treatment forproduction of H2S-free biogas. J Chem Technol Biotechnol 83:1163–1169. https://doi.org/10.1002/jctb
Ahmad A, Das S, Ghangrekar MM (2020) Removal of xenobiotics from wastewater by electrocoagulation: A mini-review. J Indian Chem Soc 97:493–500
Ahmad A, Gupta A (2019) Urine a Source for Struvite : Nutrient Recovery – A Review. J Indian Chem Soc 96:507–514
Ahmad A, Priyadarshani M, Das S, Ghangrekar MM (2021a) Role of bioelectrochemical systems for the remediation of emerging contaminants from wastewater: A review. J Basic Microbiol 1–22. https://doi.org/10.1002/jobm.202100368
Ahmad A, Priyadarshini M, Das S, Ghangrekar MM (2021b) Proclaiming Electrochemical Oxidation as a Potent Technology for the Treatment of Wastewater Containing Xenobiotic Compounds: A Mini Review. J Hazardous, Toxic, Radioact Waste 25:1–13. https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)hz.2153-5515.0000616
Aitken M, Kleinrock M, Simorellis A, Nass D (2019) The Global Use of Medicine in 2019 and Outlook to 2023. IQVIA Inst Hum Data Sci:1–56
Alharbi SK, Price WE, Kang J et al (2016) Ozonation of carbamazepine, diclofenac, sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim and formation of major oxidation products. Desalin Water Treat 57:29340–29351. https://doi.org/10.1080/19443994.2016.1172986
Ali I, Alothman ZA, Alwarthan A (2017) Uptake of propranolol on ionic liquid iron nanocomposite adsorbent: Kinetic, thermodynamics and mechanism of adsorption. J Mol Liq 236:205–213. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molliq.2017.04.028
Amin MM, Dehdashti B, Rafati L et al (2018) Removal of atenolol from aqueous solutions by multiwalled carbon nanotubes: Isotherm study. Desalin Water Treat 133:212–219. https://doi.org/10.5004/dwt.2018.22984
Babel S, Kurniawan TA (2003) Low-cost adsorbents for heavy metals uptake from contaminated water: A review. J Hazard Mater 97:219–243. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-3894(02)00263-7
Bai X, Lutz A, Carroll R et al (2018) Occurrence, distribution, and seasonality of emerging contaminants in urban watersheds. Chemosphere 200:133–142. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.02.106
Bajracharya S, Vanbroekhoven K, Buisman CJN et al (2016) Application of gas diffusion biocathode in microbial electrosynthesis from carbon dioxide. Environ Sci Pollut Res 23:22292–22308. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-016-7196-x
Barhoumi N, Oturan N, Ammar S et al (2017) Enhanced degradation of the antibiotic tetracycline by heterogeneous electro-Fenton with pyrite catalysis. Environ Chem Lett 15:689–693. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10311-017-0638-y
Bear SE, Nguyen MT, Jasper JT et al (2017) Removal of nutrients, trace organic contaminants, and bacterial indicator organisms in a demonstration-scale unit process open-water treatment wetland. Ecol Eng 109:76–83. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2017.09.017
Ben W, Zhu B, Yuan X et al (2018) Occurrence, removal and risk of organic micropollutants in wastewater treatment plants across China: Comparison of wastewater treatment processes. Water Res 130:38–46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2017.11.057
Bendz D, Paxéus NA, Ginn TR, Loge FJ (2005) Occurrence and fate of pharmaceutically active compounds in the environment, a case study: Höje River in Sweden. J Hazard Mater 122:195–204. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2005.03.012
Benner J, Salhi E, Ternes T, von Gunten U (2008) Ozonation of reverse osmosis concentrate: Kinetics and efficiency of beta blocker oxidation. Water Res 42:3003–3012. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2008.04.002
Beygmohammdi F, Nourizadeh Kazerouni H, Jafarzadeh Y et al (2020) Preparation and characterization of PVDF/PVP-GO membranes to be used in MBR system. Chem Eng Res Des 154:232–240. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cherd.2019.12.016
Bhattacharya R, Mazumder D (2020) Aerobic MBBR as a sustainable technology for industrial effluent treatment : A mini review. 97:2736–2749
Bourgin M, Beck B, Boehler M et al (2018) Evaluation of a full-scale wastewater treatment plant upgraded with ozonation and biological post-treatments: Abatement of micropollutants, formation of transformation products and oxidation by-products. Water Res 129:486–498. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2017.10.036
Brillas E (2020) A review on the photoelectro-Fenton process as efficient electrochemical advanced oxidation for wastewater remediation. Treatment with UV light, sunlight, and coupling with conventional and other photo-assisted advanced technologies. Chemosphere 250(126198). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126198
Brunhoferova H, Venditti S, Schlienz M, Hansen J (2021) Removal of 27 micropollutants by selected wetland macrophytes in hydroponic conditions. Chemosphere 281:130980. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130980
Casas ME, Chhetri RK, Ooi G et al (2015) Biodegradation of pharmaceuticals in hospital wastewater by staged Moving Bed Biofilm Reactors (MBBR). Water Res 83:293–302. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2015.06.042
Chakraborty I, Sathe SM, Khuman CN, Ghangrekar MM (2020) Bioelectrochemically powered remediation of xenobiotic compounds and heavy metal toxicity using microbial fuel cell and microbial electrolysis cell. Mater Sci Energy Technol 3:104–115. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mset.2019.09.011
Chen Y, Vymazal J, Březinová T et al (2016) Occurrence, removal and environmental risk assessment of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in rural wastewater treatment wetlands. Sci Total Environ 566–567:1660–1669. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.06.069
Choi JH, Lamshöft M, Zühlke S et al (2014) Analyses and decreasing patterns of veterinary antianxiety medications in soils. J Hazard Mater 275:154–165. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.05.005
Chung S s, Brooks BW (2019) Identifying household pharmaceutical waste characteristics and population behaviors in one of the most densely populated global cities. Resour Conserv Recycl 140:267–277. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2018.09.024
Clara M, Kreuzinger N, Strenn B et al (2005) The solids retention time - A suitable design parameter to evaluate the capacity of wastewater treatment plants to remove micropollutants. Water Res 39:97–106. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2004.08.036
Conkle JL, White JR, Metcalfe CD (2008) Reduction of pharmaceutically active compounds by a lagoon wetland wastewater treatment system in Southeast Louisiana. Chemosphere 73:1741–1748. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2008.09.020
da Silva SW, do Prado JM, Heberle ANA et al (2019) Electrochemical advanced oxidation of Atenolol at Nb/BDD thin film anode. J Electroanal Chem 844:27–33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jelechem.2019.05.011
Davis RB, Hoang JA, Rizzo SM et al (2020) Quantitation and localization of beta-blockers and SSRIs accumulation in fathead minnows by complementary mass spectrometry analyses. Sci Total Environ 741:140331. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140331
De Andrés F, Castañeda G, Ríos Á (2009) Use of toxicity assays for enantiomeric discrimination of pharmaceutical substances. Chirality 21:751–759. https://doi.org/10.1002/chir.20675
de Jesus GV, Cardoso VV, Cardoso E et al (2017) Occurrence and behaviour of pharmaceutical compounds in a Portuguese wastewater treatment plant: Removal efficiency through conventional treatment processes. Environ Sci Pollut Res 24:14717–14734. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-017-9012-7
De Oliveira LLD, Antunes SC, Gonçalves F et al (2016) Acute and chronic ecotoxicological effects of four pharmaceuticals drugs on cladoceran Daphnia magna. Drug Chem Toxicol 39:13–21. https://doi.org/10.3109/01480545.2015.1029048
de Wilt A, Butkovskyi A, Tuantet K et al (2016) Micropollutant removal in an algal treatment system fed with source separated wastewater streams. J Hazard Mater 304:84–92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.10.033
del Mar Orta M, Martín J, Medina-Carrasco S et al (2019) Adsorption of propranolol onto montmorillonite: Kinetic, isotherm and pH studies. Appl Clay Sci 173:107–114. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clay.2019.03.015
Delgado LF, Charles P, Glucina K, Morlay C (2015) Adsorption of Ibuprofen and Atenolol at Trace Concentration on Activated Carbon. Sep Sci Technol 50:1487–1496. https://doi.org/10.1080/01496395.2014.975360
Deng Y, Zhao R (2015) Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs) in Wastewater Treatment. Curr Pollut Reports 1:167–176. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40726-015-0015-z
Desbiolles F, Malleret L, Tiliacos C et al (2018) Occurrence and ecotoxicological assessment of pharmaceuticals: Is there a risk for the Mediterranean aquatic environment? Sci Total Environ 639:1334–1348. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.04.351
Dhangar K, Kumar M (2020) Tricks and tracks in removal of emerging contaminants from the wastewater through hybrid treatment systems: A review. Sci Total Environ 738:140320. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140320
Dolar D, Gros M, Rodriguez-Mozaz S et al (2012) Removal of emerging contaminants from municipal wastewater with an integrated membrane system, MBR-RO. J Hazard Mater 239–240:64–69. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.03.029
Dordio A, Pinto J, Dias CB et al (2009) Atenolol removal in microcosm constructed wetlands. Int J Environ Anal Chem 89:835–848. https://doi.org/10.1080/03067310902962502
Duarte B, Feijão E, de Carvalho RC et al (2020) Effects of propranolol on growth, lipids and energy metabolism and oxidative stress response of phaeodactylum tricornutum. Biology (Basel) 9:1–21. https://doi.org/10.3390/biology9120478
Edefell E, Falås P, Torresi E et al (2021) Promoting the degradation of organic micropollutants in tertiary moving bed biofilm reactors by controlling growth and redox conditions. J Hazard Mater 414:125535. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125535
Falås P, Wick A, Castronovo S et al (2016) Tracing the limits of organic micropollutant removal in biological wastewater treatment. Water Res 95:240–249. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2016.03.009
Feng CH, Li FB, Mai HJ, Li XZ (2010) Bio-electro-fenton process driven by microbial fuel cell for wastewater treatment. Environ Sci Technol 44:1875–1880. https://doi.org/10.1021/es9032925
Feng L, Liu Y, Zhang J et al (2020) Dynamic variation in nitrogen removal of constructed wetlands modified by biochar for treating secondary livestock effluent under varying oxygen supplying conditions. J Environ Manag 260:110152. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.110152
Fernandez-Fontaina E, Gomes IB, Aga DS et al (2016) Biotransformation of pharmaceuticals under nitrification, nitratation and heterotrophic conditions. Sci Total Environ 541:1439–1447. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.10.010
Ferrari B, Mons R, Vollat B et al (2004) Environmental risk assessment of six human pharmaceuticals: Are the current environmental risk assessment procedures sufficient for the protection of the aquatic environment? Environ Toxicol Chem 23:1344–1354. https://doi.org/10.1897/03-246
Fu C, Zhang H, Xia M et al (2020) The single/co-adsorption characteristics and microscopic adsorption mechanism of biochar-montmorillonite composite adsorbent for pharmaceutical emerging organic contaminant atenolol and lead ions. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 187:109763. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.109763
Gabet-Giraud V, Miège C, Choubert JM et al (2010) Occurrence and removal of estrogens and beta blockers by various processes in wastewater treatment plants. Sci Total Environ 408:4257–4269. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2010.05.023
Ganiyu SO, Oturan N, Raffy S et al (2017) Use of Sub-stoichiometric Titanium Oxide as a Ceramic Electrode in Anodic Oxidation and Electro-Fenton Degradation of the Beta-blocker Propranolol: Degradation Kinetics and Mineralization Pathway. Electrochim Acta 242:344–354. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2017.05.047
Ganiyu SO, Zhou M, Martínez-Huitle CA (2018) Heterogeneous electro-Fenton and photoelectro-Fenton processes: A critical review of fundamental principles and application for water/wastewater treatment. Appl Catal B Environ 235:103–129
Gao Y q, Gao N y, Yin D q et al (2018) Oxidation of the Β-blocker propranolol by UV/persulfate: Effect, mechanism and toxicity investigation. Chemosphere 201:50–58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.02.158
García-Espinoza JD, Mijaylova Nacheva P (2019) Effect of electrolytes on the simultaneous electrochemical oxidation of sulfamethoxazole, propranolol and carbamazepine: behaviors, by-products and acute toxicity. Environ Sci Pollut Res 26:6855–6867. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-018-4020-9
García-Espinoza JD, Nacheva PM (2019) Degradation of pharmaceutical compounds in water by oxygenated electrochemical oxidation: Parametric optimization, kinetic studies and toxicity assessment. Sci Total Environ 691:417–429. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.07.118
Gentili FG, Fick J (2017) Algal cultivation in urban wastewater: an efficient way to reduce pharmaceutical pollutants. J Appl Phycol 29:255–262. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10811-016-0950-0
Godoy AA, Kummrow F, Pamplin PAZ (2015) Occurrence, ecotoxicological effects and risk assessment of antihypertensive pharmaceutical residues in the aquatic environment - A review. Chemosphere 138:281–291. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.06.024
Guerra-Rodríguez S, Rodríguez E, Singh D, Rodríguez-Chueca J (2018) Assessment of Sulfate Radical-Based Advanced Oxidation Processes for Water and Wastewater Treatment: A Review. Water 10:1828. https://doi.org/10.3390/w10121828
Gupta S, Srivastava P, Yadav AK (2020) Simultaneous removal of organic matters and nutrients from high-strength wastewater in constructed wetlands followed by entrapped algal systems. Environ Sci Pollut Res 27:1112–1117. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-06896-z
Haro NK, Del Vecchio P, Marcilio NR, Féris LA (2017) Removal of atenolol by adsorption – Study of kinetics and equilibrium. J Clean Prod 154:214–219. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.03.217
He Y, Nurul S, Schmitt H et al (2018a) Evaluation of attenuation of pharmaceuticals, toxic potency, and antibiotic resistance genes in constructed wetlands treating wastewater effluents. Sci Total Environ 631–632:1572–1581. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.03.083
He Y, Sutton NB, Lei Y et al (2018b) Fate and distribution of pharmaceutically active compounds in mesocosm constructed wetlands. J Hazard Mater 357:198–206. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.05.035
He Y, Wang L, Chen Z et al (2021) Catalytic ozonation for metoprolol and ibuprofen removal over different MnO2 nanocrystals: Efficiency, transformation and mechanism. Sci, Total Environ, p 785
Hernando MD, Gómez MJ, Agüera A, Fernández-Alba AR (2007) LC-MS analysis of basic pharmaceuticals (beta-blockers and anti-ulcer agents) in wastewater and surface water. TrAC - Trends Anal Chem 26:581–594. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trac.2007.03.005
Hu X, Xie H, Zhuang L et al (2021) A review on the role of plant in pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) removal in constructed wetlands. Sci Total Environ 780:146637. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146637
Huggett DB, Brooks BW, Peterson B et al (2002) Toxicity of Select Beta Adrenergic Receptor-Blocking Pharmaceuticals (B-Blockers) on Aquatic Organisms. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 43:229–235. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00244-002-1182-7
Huggett DB, Khan IA, Foran CM, Schlenk D (2003) Determination of beta-adrenergic receptor blocking pharmaceuticals in United States wastewater effluent. Environ Pollut 121:199–205. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0269-7491(02)00226-9
Ingrao C, Failla S, Arcidiacono C (2020) A comprehensive review of environmental and operational issues of constructed wetland systems. Curr Opin Environ Sci Heal 13:35–45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coesh.2019.10.007
Isarain-Chávez E, Cabot PL, Centellas F et al (2011) Electro-Fenton and photoelectro-Fenton degradations of the drug beta-blocker propranolol using a Pt anode: Identification and evolution of oxidation products. J Hazard Mater 185:1228–1235. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.10.035
Jaén-Gil A, Buttiglieri G, Benito A et al (2021) Combining biological processes with UV/H2O2 for metoprolol and metoprolol acid removal in hospital wastewater. Chem Eng J 404:126482. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2020.126482
Jain M, Majumder A, Ghosal PS, Gupta AK (2020) A review on treatment of petroleum refinery and petrochemical plant wastewater: A special emphasis on constructed wetlands. J Environ Manag 272:111057. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111057
Jeong TY, Kim HY, Kim SD (2015) Multi-generational effects of propranolol on Daphnia magna at different environmental concentrations. Environ Pollut 206:188–194. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2015.07.003
Jiang C, Jia L, Zhang B et al (2014) Comparison of quartz sand, anthracite, shale and biological ceramsite for adsorptive removal of phosphorus from aqueous solution. J Environ Sci (China) 26:466–477. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1001-0742(13)60410-6
Kanakaraju D, Glass BD, Oelgemöller M (2018) Advanced oxidation process-mediated removal of pharmaceuticals from water: A review. J Environ Manag 219:189–207
Kopidakis N (2010) Time-resolved microwave conductivity. Opt InfoBase Conf Pap 90:3315–3322. https://doi.org/10.1364/ls.2010.lwi4
Kovalova L, Siegrist H, Singer H et al (2012) Hospital wastewater treatment by membrane bioreactor: Performance and efficiency for organic micropollutant elimination. Environ Sci Technol 46:1536–1545. https://doi.org/10.1021/es203495d
Kyzas GZ, Koltsakidou A, Nanaki SG et al (2015) Removal of beta-blockers from aqueous media by adsorption onto graphene oxide. Sci Total Environ 537:411–420. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.07.144
Langford KH, Thomas KV (2009) Determination of pharmaceutical compounds in hospital effluents and their contribution to wastewater treatment works. Environ Int 35:766–770. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2009.02.007
Lee J-Y, Lee Y-M, Kim T-K et al (2021) Degradation of cyclophosphamide during UV/chlorine reaction: Kinetics, byproducts, and their toxicity. Chemosphere 268:128817. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128817
Li S, Hua T, Li F, Zhou Q (2020) Bio-electro-Fenton systems for sustainable wastewater treatment: mechanisms, novel configurations, recent advances, LCA and challenges. An updated review. J Chem Technol Biotechnol 95:2083–2097. https://doi.org/10.1002/jctb.6332
Li Y, Zhu G, Ng WJ, Tan SK (2014) A review on removing pharmaceutical contaminants from wastewater by constructed wetlands: Design, performance and mechanism. Sci Total Environ 468–469:908–932. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.09.018
Lindberg RH, Namazkar S, Lage S et al (2021) Fate of active pharmaceutical ingredients in a northern high-rate algal pond fed with municipal wastewater. Chemosphere 271:129763. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.129763
Liu FF, Zhao J, Wang S et al (2014) Effects of solution chemistry on adsorption of selected pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) by graphenes and carbon nanotubes. Environ Sci Technol 48:13197–13206. https://doi.org/10.1021/es5034684
Liu X, Fang L, Zhou Y et al (2013) Comparison of UV/PDS and UV/H2O2 processes for the degradation of atenolol in water. J Environ Sci (China) 25:1519–1528. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1001-0742(12)60289-7
Mahmoud ME, Amira MF, Azab MMHM, Abdelfattah AM (2021a) Effective removal of levofloxacin drug and Cr(VI) from water by a composed nanobiosorbent of vanadium pentoxide@chitosan@MOFs. Int J Biol Macromol 188:879–891. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.08.092
Mahmoud ME, Saad SR, El-Ghanam AM, Mohamed RHA (2021b) Developed magnetic Fe3O4–MoO3-AC nanocomposite for effective removal of ciprofloxacin from water. Mater Chem Phys 257:123454. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchemphys.2020.123454
Marı R, Lluı P, Centellas F, et al (2011) Degradation of pharmaceutical beta-blockers by electrochemical advanced oxidation processes using a flow plant with a solar compound parabolic collector. 5:. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2011.05.026
Marschner P, Crowley D, Yang CH (2004) Development of specific rhizosphere bacterial communities in relation to plant species, nutrition and soil type. Plant Soil 261:199–208. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:PLSO.0000035569.80747.c5
Martín de Vidales MJ, Sáez C, Cañizares P, Rodrigo MA (2012) Metoprolol abatement from wastewaters by electrochemical oxidation with boron doped diamond anodes. J Chem Technol Biotechnol 87:225–231. https://doi.org/10.1002/jctb.2701
Martín J, Camacho-Muñoz D, Santos JL et al (2012) Occurrence of pharmaceutical compounds in wastewater and sludge from wastewater treatment plants: Removal and ecotoxicological impact of wastewater discharges and sludge disposal. J Hazard Mater 239–240:40–47. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.04.068
Maszkowska J, Stolte S, Kumirska J et al (2014a) Beta-blockers in the environment: Part II. Ecotoxicity study Sci Total Environ 493:1122–1126. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.06.039
Maszkowska J, Stolte S, Kumirska J et al (2014b) Beta-blockers in the environment: Part I. Mobility and hydrolysis study. Sci Total Environ 493:1112–1121. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.06.023
Mathon B, Coquery M, Liu Z et al (2021) Ozonation of 47 organic micropollutants in secondary treated municipal effluents: Direct and indirect kinetic reaction rates and modelling. Chemosphere 262:127969. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127969
Mehrabadi Z, Faghihian H (2018) Comparative photocatalytic performance of TiO2 supported on clinoptilolite and TiO2/Salicylaldehyde-NH2-MIL-101(Cr) for degradation of pharmaceutical pollutant atenolol under UV and visible irradiations. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 356:102–111. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotochem.2017.12.042
Miège C, Favier M, Brosse C et al (2006) Occurrence of betablockers in effluents of wastewater treatment plants from the Lyon area (France) and risk assessment for the downstream rivers. Talanta 70:739–744. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.talanta.2006.07.002
Miklos DB, Remy C, Jekel M et al (2018) Evaluation of advanced oxidation processes for water and wastewater treatment – A critical review. Water Res 139:118–131. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2018.03.042
Minguez L, Pedelucq J, Farcy E et al (2016) Toxicities of 48 pharmaceuticals and their freshwater and marine environmental assessment in northwestern France. Environ Sci Pollut Res 23:4992–5001. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-014-3662-5
Mohamed AK, Mahmoud ME (2020) Metoprolol beta-blocker decontamination from water by the adsorptive action of metal-organic frameworks-nano titanium oxide coated tin dioxide nanoparticles. J Mol Liq 309:113096. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molliq.2020.113096
Mohapatra S, Huang CH, Mukherji S, Padhye LP (2016) Occurrence and fate of pharmaceuticals in WWTPs in India and comparison with a similar study in the United States. Chemosphere 159:526–535. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.06.047
Mojiri A, Zhou J, Vakili M, Van Le H (2020) Removal performance and optimisation of pharmaceutical micropollutants from synthetic domestic wastewater by hybrid treatment. J Contam Hydrol 235:103736. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2020.103736
Mussa ZH, Al-Qaim FF, Yuzir A, Shameli K (2020) Electrochemical removal of metoprolol using graphite-polyvinyl chloride composite as anode. IOP Conf Ser Earth Environ Sci 479:012022. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/479/1/012022
Mutiyar PK, Mittal AK (2014a) Occurrences and fate of selected human antibiotics in influents and effluents of sewage treatment plant and effluent-receiving river Yamuna in Delhi (India). Environ Monit Assess 186:541–557. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-013-3398-6
Mutiyar PK, Mittal AK (2014b) Risk assessment of antibiotic residues in different water matrices in India: Key issues and challenges. Environ Sci Pollut Res 21:7723–7736. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-014-2702-5
Nelson WL, Bartels MJ (1982) Major Oxidative Metabolite of the / 3-Adrenergic. 1574–1576
Nghiem LD, Schäfer AI, Elimelech M (2005) Pharmaceutical retention mechanisms by nanofiltration membranes. Environ Sci Technol 39:7698–7705. https://doi.org/10.1021/es0507665
Nidheesh PV (2017) Graphene-based materials supported advanced oxidation processes for water and wastewater treatment: a review. Environ Sci Pollut Res 24:27047–27069. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-017-0481-5
Nsubuga H, Basheer C, Jalilov A et al (2019) Droplet flow-assisted heterogeneous electro-Fenton reactor for degradation of beta-blockers: response surface optimization, and mechanism elucidation. Environ Sci Pollut Res 26:14313–14327. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-04551-1
Oliveira TS, Murphy M, Mendola N et al (2015) Characterization of Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care products in hospital effluent and waste water influent/effluent by direct-injection LC-MS-MS. Sci Total Environ 518–519:459–478. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.02.104
Olvera-Vargas H, Cocerva T, Oturan N et al (2016) Bioelectro-Fenton: A sustainable integrated process for removal of organic pollutants from water: Application to mineralization of metoprolol. J Hazard Mater 319:13–23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.12.010
Palli L, Spina F, Varese GC et al (2019) Occurrence of selected pharmaceuticals in wastewater treatment plants of Tuscany: An effect-based approach to evaluate the potential environmental impact. Int J Hyg Environ Health 222:717–725
Pan Y, Li X, Fu K et al (2020) Overlooked role of secondary radicals in the degradation of beta-blockers and toxicity change in UV/chlorine process. Chem Eng J 391:123606. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2019.123606
Petrie B, Rood S, Smith BD et al (2018) Biotic phase micropollutant distribution in horizontal sub-surface flow constructed wetlands. Sci Total Environ 630:648–657. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.02.242
Ponkshe A, Thakur P (2019) Significant mineralization of beta blockers propranolol and atenolol by TiO2 induced photocatalysis. Mater Today Proc 18:1162–1175. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2019.06.577
Priyadarshini M, Ahmad A, Das S, Ghangrekar MM (2021a) Metal organic frameworks as emergent oxygen-reducing cathode catalysts for microbial fuel cells: a review. Int J Environ Sci Technol 18:1–22. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-021-03499-5
Priyadarshini M, Ahmad A, Das S, Ghangrekar MM (2021b) Application of microbial electrochemical technologies for the treatment of petrochemical wastewater with concomitant valuable recovery: A review. Environ Sci Pollut Res 28:1–20. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-14944-w
Priyadarshini M, Das I, Ghangrekar MM (2020) Application of metal organic framework in wastewater treatment and detection of pollutants: Review. J Indian Chem Soc 97:507–512
Quaresma AV, Sousa BA, Silva KTS et al (2019) Oxidative treatments for atenolol removal in water: Elucidation by mass spectrometry and toxicity evaluation of degradation products. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 33:303–313. https://doi.org/10.1002/rcm.8338
Radjenović J, Petrović M, Barceló D (2009) Fate and distribution of pharmaceuticals in wastewater and sewage sludge of the conventional activated sludge (CAS) and advanced membrane bioreactor (MBR) treatment. Water Res 43:831–841. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2008.11.043
Rakhym AB, Seilkhanova GA, Mastai Y (2021) Physicochemical evaluation of the effect of natural zeolite modification with didodecyldimethylammonium bromide on the adsorption of Bisphenol-A and Propranolol Hydrochloride. Microporous Mesoporous Mater 318:111020. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micromeso.2021.111020
Rice RG (1996) Applications of ozone for industrial wastewater treatment — A review. Ozone Sci Eng 18:477–515. https://doi.org/10.1080/01919512.1997.10382859
Rivera-Jaimes JA, Postigo C, Melgoza-Alemán RM et al (2018) Study of pharmaceuticals in surface and wastewater from Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico: Occurrence and environmental risk assessment. Sci Total Environ 613–614:1263–1274. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.09.134
Rivera-Utrilla J, Sánchez-Polo M, Ferro-García MÁ et al (2013) Pharmaceuticals as emerging contaminants and their removal from water. A review Chemosphere 93:1268–1287
Roberts J, Kumar A, Du J et al (2016) Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in Australia’s largest inland sewage treatment plant, and its contribution to a major Australian river during high and low flow. Sci Total Environ 541:1625–1637. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.03.145
Ruan Y, Wu R, Lam JCW et al (2019) Seasonal occurrence and fate of chiral pharmaceuticals in different sewage treatment systems in Hong Kong: Mass balance, enantiomeric profiling, and risk assessment. Water Res 149:607–616. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2018.11.010
Sathe SM, Chakraborty I, Sankar Cheela VR et al (2021) A novel bio-electro-Fenton process for eliminating sodium dodecyl sulphate from wastewater using dual chamber microbial fuel cell. Bioresour Technol 341:125850. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125850
Seibert D, Zorzo CF, Borba FH et al (2020) Occurrence, statutory guideline values and removal of contaminants of emerging concern by Electrochemical Advanced Oxidation Processes: A review. Sci Total Environ 748:141527. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141527
Sievers M (2011) Advanced Oxidation Processes. Treatise Water Sci 4:377–408. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-444-53199-5.00093-2
Sipma J, Osuna B, Collado N et al (2010) Comparison of removal of pharmaceuticals in MBR and activated sludge systems. Desalination 250:653–659. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2009.06.073
Soares SF, Simões TR, António M et al (2016) Hybrid nanoadsorbents for the magnetically assisted removal of metoprolol from water. Chem Eng J 302:560–569. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2016.05.079
Šojić D, Despotović V, Orčić D et al (2012) Degradation of thiamethoxam and metoprolol by UV, O3 and UV/O3 hybrid processes: Kinetics, degradation intermediates and toxicity. J Hydrol 472–473:314–327. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2012.09.038
Song Y, Sackey EA, Wang H, Wang H (2019) Adsorption of oxytetracycline on kaolinite. PLoS One 14. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0225335
Sophia AC, Lima EC (2018) Removal of emerging contaminants from the environment by adsorption. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 150:1–17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.12.026
Stanley JK, Ramirez AJ, Mottaleb M et al (2006) Enantiospecific toxicity of the β-blocker propranolol to Daphnia magna and Pimephales promelas. Environ Toxicol Chem 25:1780–1786. https://doi.org/10.1897/05-298R1.1
Subedi B, Balakrishna K, Joshua DI, Kannan K (2017) Mass loading and removal of pharmaceuticals and personal care products including psychoactives, antihypertensives, and antibiotics in two sewage treatment plants in southern India. Chemosphere 167:429–437. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.10.026
Sun L, Xin L, Peng Z et al (2014) Toxicity and enantiospecific differences of two β-blockers, propranolol and metoprolol, in the embryos and larvae of zebrafish ( Danio rerio ). Environ Toxicol 29:1367–1378. https://doi.org/10.1002/tox.21867
Taheri E, Hadi S, Amin MM et al (2020) Retention of atenolol from single and binary aqueous solutions by thin film composite nanofiltration membrane: Transport modeling and pore radius estimation. J Environ Manag 271:111005. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111005
Tang K, Ooi GTH, Torresi E et al (2020a) Municipal wastewater treatment targeting pharmaceuticals by a pilot-scale hybrid attached biofilm and activated sludge system (HybasTM). Chemosphere 259:127397. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127397
Tang K, Rosborg P, Rasmussen ES et al (2021) Impact of intermittent feeding on polishing of micropollutants by moving bed biofilm reactors (MBBR). J Hazard Mater 403:123536. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123536
Tang Y, Zhao B, Liu C (2020b) Removal mechanisms of β-blockers by anaerobic digestion in a UASB reactor with carbon feeding. Bioresour Technol Reports 11:100531. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biteb.2020.100531
Ternes T A, Janex-Habibi M-L, Knacker T, et al (2004) Assessment of Technologies for the Removal of Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products in Sewage and Drinking Water Facilities to Improve the Indirect Potable Water Reuse (POSEIDON)
Ternes TA (1998) Occurrence of drugs in German sewage treatment plants and rivers. Water Res 32:3245–3260. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0043-1354(98)00099-2
Thomas JM, Aravindakumar CT, Aravind UK (2020) Removal of beta blockers using polyelectrolyte monolayered membrane and its antifouling performance. J Ind Eng Chem 87:222–233. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiec.2020.04.005
Timóteo W, Marina V, Farias B De, Pires M (2020) Removal of endocrine disruptors in waters by adsorption , membrane filtration and biodegradation . A review Environ Chem Lett 18:1113–1143. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10311-020-01000-1
To MH, Hadi P, Hui CW et al (2017) Mechanistic study of atenolol, acebutolol and carbamazepine adsorption on waste biomass derived activated carbon. J Mol Liq 241:386–398. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molliq.2017.05.037
Torresi E, Fowler SJ, Polesel F et al (2016) Biofilm thickness influences biodiversity in nitrifying MBBRs - Implications on micropollutant removal. Environ Sci Technol 50:9279–9288. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.6b02007
Tran NH, Reinhard M, Gin KYH (2018) Occurrence and fate of emerging contaminants in municipal wastewater treatment plants from different geographical regions-a review. Water Res 133:182–207. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2017.12.029
Triebskorn R, Casper H, Scheil V, Schwaiger J (2007) Ultrastructural effects of pharmaceuticals (carbamazepine, clofibric acid, metoprolol, diclofenac) in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and common carp (Cyprinus carpio). Anal Bioanal Chem 387:1405–1416. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-006-1033-x
Varma M, Gupta AK, Ghosal PS, Majumder A (2021) A review on performance of constructed wetlands in tropical and cold climate: Insights of mechanism, role of influencing factors, and system modification in low temperature. Sci Total Environ 755:142540. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142540
Verlicchi P, Al Aukidy M, Galletti A et al (2012) Hospital effluent: Investigation of the concentrations and distribution of pharmaceuticals and environmental risk assessment. Sci Total Environ 430:109–118. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.04.055
Villegas-Navarro A, Rosas-L E, Reyes JL (2003) The heart of Daphnia magna: Effects of four cardioactive drugs. Comp Biochem Physiol - C Toxicol Pharmacol 136:127–134. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1532-0456(03)00172-8
Vulliet E, Cren-Olivé C (2011) Screening of pharmaceuticals and hormones at the regional scale, in surface and groundwaters intended to human consumption. Environ Pollut 159:2929–2934. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2011.04.033
Vymazal J, Zhao Y, Mander Ü (2021) Recent research challenges in constructed wetlands for wastewater treatment: A review. Ecol Eng 169:106318. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2021.106318
Vystavna Y, Frkova Z, Marchand L et al (2017) Removal efficiency of pharmaceuticals in a full scale constructed wetland in East Ukraine. Ecol Eng 108:50–58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2017.08.009
Wang JL, Xu LJ (2012) Advanced oxidation processes for wastewater treatment: Formation of hydroxyl radical and application. Crit Rev Environ Sci Technol 42:251–325. https://doi.org/10.1080/10643389.2010.507698
Wang L, Xu H, Cooper WJ, Song W (2012) Photochemical fate of beta-blockers in NOM enriched waters. Sci Total Environ 426:289–295. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.03.031
Wang X m, Li B, Zhang T, Li X y (2015) Performance of nanofiltration membrane in rejecting trace organic compounds: Experiment and model prediction. Desalination 370:7–16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2015.05.010
Wick A, Fink G, Joss A et al (2009) Fate of beta blockers and psycho-active drugs in conventional wastewater treatment. Water Res 43:1060–1074. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2008.11.031
Wilde ML, Montipó S, Martins AF (2014) Degradation of β-blockers in hospital wastewater by means of ozonation and Fe2+/ozonation. Water Res 48:280–295. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2013.09.039
Xu J, Sun H, Zhang Y, Alder AC (2019) Occurrence and enantiomer profiles of β-blockers in wastewater and a receiving water body and adjacent soil in Tianjin, China. Sci Total Environ 650:1122–1130. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.09.086
Xu R, Qin W, Tian Z et al (2020) Enhanced micropollutants removal by nanofiltration and their environmental risks in wastewater reclamation: A pilot-scale study. Sci Total Environ 744:140954. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140954
Yagub MT, Sen TK, Afroze S, Ang HM (2014) Dye and its removal from aqueous solution by adsorption: A review. Adv Colloid Interf Sci 209:172–184
Yang X, Zou R, Tang K et al (2021) Degradation of metoprolol from wastewater in a bio-electro-Fenton system. Sci Total Environ 771:145385. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145385
Yang Y, Cao Y, Jiang J et al (2019) Comparative study on degradation of propranolol and formation of oxidation products by UV/H2O2 and UV/persulfate (PDS). Water Res 149:543–552. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2018.08.074
Yao N, Li C, Yu J et al (2020) Insight into adsorption of combined antibiotic-heavy metal contaminants on graphene oxide in water. Sep Purif Technol 236:116278. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2019.116278
Yi M, Sheng Q, Sui Q, Lu H (2020) β-blockers in the environment: Distribution, transformation, and ecotoxicity. Environ Pollut 266:115269. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115269
Young P, Taylor M, Fallowfield HJ (2017) Mini-review: high rate algal ponds, flexible systems for sustainable wastewater treatment. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 33:1–13. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11274-017-2282-x
Yu X, Qin W, Yuan X et al (2021) Synergistic mechanism and degradation kinetics for atenolol elimination via integrated UV/ozone/peroxymonosulfate process. J Hazard Mater 407. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124393
Zhang BT, Zhao LX, Lin JM (2008) Study on superoxide and hydroxyl radicals generated in indirect electrochemical oxidation by chemiluminescence and UV-Visible spectra. J Environ Sci 20:1006–1011. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1001-0742(08)62200-7
Zhang D, Gersberg RM, Ng WJ, Tan SK (2014) Removal of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in aquatic plant-based systems: A review. Environ Pollut 184:620–639. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2013.09.009
Zhang H, Ma J, Shi M et al (2021) Adsorption of two β-blocker pollutants on modified montmorillonite with environment-friendly cationic surfactant containing amide group: Batch adsorption experiments and Multiwfn wave function analysis. J Colloid Interface Sci 590:601–613. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2021.01.077
Acknowledgement
This research work received funding support from Department of Science and Technology, Government of India (File No. DST/TMD (EWO)/OWUIS-2018/RS-10).
Funding
This research work received funding support from Department of Science and Technology, Government of India (File No. DST/TMD (EWO)/OWUIS-2018/RS-10).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Contributions
Azhan Ahmad contributed to conceptualization; formal analysis; investigation; methodology; roles/writing—original draft; and writing—review and editing.
Monali Priyadarshini and Rishabh Raj performed validation; visualization; roles/writing—original draft; data curation; writing—review and editing; and investigation.
Sovik Das contributed to software; visualization; roles/writing—original draft; and writing—review and editing.
Makarand Madhao Ghangrekar helped with funding acquisition; project administration; resources; supervision; validation; and writing—review and editing.
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate
Not applicable
Consent for publication
Not applicable
Conflicts of interest
The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
Additional information
Responsible Editor: Alexandros Stefanakis
Publisher’s note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Ahmad, A., Priyadarshini, M., Raj, R. et al. Appraising efficacy of existing and advanced technologies for the remediation of beta-blockers from wastewater: A review. Environ Sci Pollut Res 30, 25427–25451 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-18287-4
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-18287-4