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Eco-friendly preparation and characterization of bioplastic films made from marine fish-scale wastes

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Abstract

Synthetic plastics are becoming hazardous wastes, posing a threat to environmental sustainable health; hence, they must be replaced with alternatives. This study aimed to prepare corn starch-based bioplastics using fish scale through film casting technique as an alternative to synthetic plastics. In this work, four types of bioplastic films (CSF, CSFSF1, CSFSF2, FSF) containing different percentages of fish-scale powder and corn starch were prepared. Physical and chemical properties such as texture, color, solubility in hot water, tensile strength, functional groups, and morphology of all the four types of the prepared bioplastics were analyzed. The mixture of fish-scale powder and corn starch powder in the ratio of 1:3 (CSFSF1) yielded the best results. Its average thickness is 0.0420 ± 0.001 mm, water absorption range is 55–60%, tensile strength is 6.06 ± 0.05 MPa, and thermal stability is 278.741 °C. In the biodegradability test, degradation was noticed after 7 days of treatment with organic waste. The degradation was confirmed by surface changes in the morphology and the development of Aspergillus sp. Corn starch film (CSF) exhibited the highest degradation (60%), while the fish-scales film (FSF) underwent the least degradation (28%). The produced bioplastics were prepared from eco-friendly, inexpensive, and natural materials. Thus, the present research has provided a viable alternative to synthetic plastics.

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Data availability

The current work was funded by the Ministry of Earth Sciences, Government of India. Therefore, the financial institution holds the rights. Data can be available from the authors on a meaningful request.

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Acknowledgements

This research was supported by a research grant from Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES), National Centre for Coastal Research, Government of India. All authors acknowledge authorities of Annamalai University and for providing necessary facilities. The authors wish to thank Prof. T. Balasubramanian for his excellent technical support.

Funding

This study was supported by a research project “Seawater Quality Monitoring (SWQM)” 317 from Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES), Government of India (Project File No. MoES/ICMAM-PD/ME/CAS318 MB/53/2017).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centre of Advanced Study in Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Annamalai University, Parangipettai, 608502, Tamil Nadu, India

    Parthasarathy Surya, Arumugam Sundaramanickam, Ajith Nithin & Parthasarathy Iswarya

  2. Department of Biotechnology, Dhanalakshmi Srinivasan College of Arts and Science for Women (Autonomous), Perambalur, 621212, Tamil Nadu, India

    Parthasarathy Surya

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  1. Parthasarathy Surya
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  2. Arumugam Sundaramanickam
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Contributions

P. Surya: research hypothesis, methodology, investigation, and writing—original draft, visualization, validation; A. Sundaramanickam: conceptualization, supervision, data curation, data validation, writing—review and editing; A. Nithin: conceptualization, writing—original draft, data validation; P. Iswarya: data validation, review and editing.

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Correspondence to Arumugam Sundaramanickam.

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Surya, P., Sundaramanickam, A., Nithin, A. et al. Eco-friendly preparation and characterization of bioplastic films made from marine fish-scale wastes. Environ Sci Pollut Res 30, 34174–34187 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-24429-z

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