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Exercise-induced microbial changes in preventing type 2 diabetes

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Abstract

The metabolic benefits associated with long-term physical activity are well appreciated and growing evidence suggests that it involves the gut microbiota. Here we re-evaluated the link between exercise-induced microbial changes and those associated with prediabetes and diabetes. We found that the relative abundances of substantial amounts of diabetes-associated metagenomic species associated negatively with physical fitness in a Chinese athlete students cohort. We additionally showed that those microbial changes correlated more with handgrip strength, a simple but valuable biomarker suggestive of the diabetes states, than maximum oxygen intake, one of the key surrogates for endurance training. Moreover, the causal relationships among exercise, risks for diabetes, and gut microbiota were explored based on mediation analysis. We propose that the protective roles of exercise against type 2 diabetes are mediated, at least partly, by the gut microbiota.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported in part by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2020YFA0803800, 2019YFA0801900, 2018YFA0800300, and 2022YFA0806400), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31971097, 31671242, 32150610475, and 31971074), Innovation Team and Talents Cultivation Program of National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine (ZYYCXTD-D-202001), Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Exercise and Metabolic Health, the Construction Project of High-Level Local Universities in Shanghai, Shanghai “Science and Technology Innovation Action Plan” Social Development Science and Technology Reach Project (22dz1204600), and Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Major Project (2017SHZDZX01). The authors would like to thank Dr. Fredrik Bäckhed from University of Gothenburg for helpful discussions.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Exercise and Metabolic Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, 200438, China

    Ting Yao, Kaiqing Lin, Ruwen Wang, Shanshan Guo, Peijie Chen, Tiemin Liu & Ru Wang

  2. Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi’an, 710061, China

    Ting Yao

  3. Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health, Institute of Metabolism & Integrative Biology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China

    Hui Wang & Tiemin Liu

  4. State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Human Phenome Institute, Fudan Microbiome Center, and Department of Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China

    Hao Wu

  5. State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Human Phenome Institute, and School of Life Sciences, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China

    Tiemin Liu

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Yao, T., Wang, H., Lin, K. et al. Exercise-induced microbial changes in preventing type 2 diabetes. Sci. China Life Sci. 67, 892–899 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11427-022-2272-3

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