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Coal measure metallogeny: Metallogenic system and implication for resource and environment

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Abstract

Coal, coal measure gas, coal conversion to oil and gas, and coal-based new materials are reliable guarantees for stable energy supply and economic and social development in China. The coal-dominated resource endowment and the economic and social development stage determine the irreplaceable position of coal resources in the energy system. Coal measure resources, including aggregated or dispersed solids, liquid and gaseous multitype energies, and metal as well as nonmetallic minerals, are the products of multisphere interaction and metallogenetic materials generation, migration, and accumulation. Coal measures record rich deep-time geological information of transitional and terrestrial peat bogs, which is a crucial carrier to reveal ecosystem evolution, significant organic carbon sequestration, atmospheric O2/CO2 variation, and wildfire events. Coal measure evolution is accompanied by the migration and transformation of various materials during diagenesis-metamorphism, forming differentiated coal compositions besides properties and various mineral resources in its adjacent strata. The enrichment condition, occurrence state, and separation potential are the premise for level-by-level use and efficient development of coal measure resources. Coal measure metallogeny is based on the metallogenic system of multiple energy and mineral resources in coal measures and their environmental effects. Fully understanding coal measure metallogeny is beneficial for promoting the coal transition from fuel to raw materials and strengthening its attribute of multiple mineral resources. The metallogeny comprises various aspects, including: (1) the symbiosis mechanism, co-exploration and co-mining conditions of various resources; (2) the source-sink system of ore-forming materials; (3) the differential carbon accumulation and hydrogen enrichment effect; (4) organic (coal and hydrocarbon) and inorganic (mineral) interactions; and (5) combination of minerals naturally enrichment during the metallogenic process and artificial enrichment during the ore processing process. The coal measure metallogeny belongs to the geoscience disciplines, and study the types, formation, distribution, enrichment mechanisms, evaluation methods, and development strategies of resources related to coal measures. The key scientific problems include geological records related to mineral enrichment processes, metallogenic mechanisms, resource distribution, occurrence evaluation, and accurate development. Developing coal measure metallogeny is significant in improving critical mineral metallogenic theory, revealing various deep-time earth system, and realizing national energy transformation and high-quality development.

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Acknowledgements

We would like to thank Academician Caineng ZOU from Chinese Academy of Sciences and professor Shifeng DAI from China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing) for their guidance and help in the formation and writing of this article, and thank Professor Edgar LARA-CURZIO of Oak Ridge National Laboratory and Sarah MARDON of Kentucky Geological Survey for their help in the improvement and citation of maps. This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 42072194 & U1910205).

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  1. China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, China

    Yong Li, Longyi Shao & Zhuangsen Wang

  2. Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, Beijing, 100083, China

    Songqi Pan & Zhenhua Jing

  3. China National Administration of Coal Geology, Beijing, 100039, China

    Shuzheng Ning

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Li, Y., Pan, S., Ning, S. et al. Coal measure metallogeny: Metallogenic system and implication for resource and environment. Sci. China Earth Sci. 65, 1211–1228 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11430-021-9920-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11430-021-9920-4

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