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Early Events of HIV-1 Infection: Can Signaling be the Next Therapeutic Target?

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Abstract

Intracellular signaling events are signposts of biological processes, which govern the direction and action of biological activities. Through millions of years of evolution, pathogens, such as viruses, have evolved to hijack host cell machinery to infect their targets and are therefore dependent on host cell signaling for replication. This review will detail our current understanding of the signaling events that are important for the early steps of HIV-1 replication. More specifically, the therapeutic potential of signaling events associated with chemokine coreceptors, virus entry, viral synapses, and post-entry processes will be discussed. We argue that these pathways may represent novel targets for antiviral therapy.

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Acknowledgements

We acknowledge the financial support from the National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) of Australia (CFP, PUC, SRL, AJ, JM), the Australian Research Council (JM), Australian Centre for HIV and Hepatitis Viruses (SRL, KLJ, JM), National Institute of Health (SRL, JM), the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (CFP), the Alfred Foundation (SRL) and the Northcote King’s College Training Fellowship (RPS). SRL is an NHMRC Practitioner Fellow. JM is a recipient of the Pfizer Foundation Fellowship and ARC Future Fellowship.

Conflict of interest disclosure

We declare that all authors do not have any conflict of interest with the contents of the manuscripts. The funders have no role in designing and deciding the contents of the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centre for Virology, Burnet Institute, 85 Commercial Road, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia

    Kate L. Jones, Redmond P. Smyth, Cândida F. Pereira, Paul U. Cameron, Sharon R. Lewin, Anthony Jaworowski & Johnson Mak

  2. Department of Biochemistry, Monash University, Clayton, Australia

    Redmond P. Smyth & Johnson Mak

  3. Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Clayton, Australia

    Johnson Mak

  4. Monash Micro Imaging, Monash University, Clayton, Australia

    Cândida F. Pereira

  5. Department of Medicine, Monash University, Clayton, Australia

    Cândida F. Pereira, Paul U. Cameron, Sharon R. Lewin & Anthony Jaworowski

  6. Department of Immunology, Monash University, Clayton, Australia

    Anthony Jaworowski

  7. Infectious Diseases Unit, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia

    Paul U. Cameron & Sharon R. Lewin

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Correspondence to Johnson Mak.

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Jones, K.L., Smyth, R.P., Pereira, C.F. et al. Early Events of HIV-1 Infection: Can Signaling be the Next Therapeutic Target?. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol 6, 269–283 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11481-011-9268-5

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