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Comparison of Straw Mulch, Insecticides, Mineral Oil, and Birch Extract for Control of Transmission of Potato virus Y in Seed Potato Crops

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Abstract

Potato virus Y (PVY) is a major pathogen of potato and transmitted non-persistently by aphids. Aphis fabae is the main vector of PVY in the High Grade Seed Potato Production Area (HG area) in Finland, where the number of aphids and infection pressure with PVY are rather low, but problems with PVY occur in PVY-susceptible cultivars. The aim of the study was to test straw mulch, mineral oil, birch extract, and insecticides for control of PVY in small-scale field experiments and, additionally, at farm level in growers’ fields in the HG area of Finland. The insecticide esfenvalerate reduced the incidence of PVY in the progeny tubers by 29% in one of the 3 years, whereas other chemical treatments or birch extract had no significant effect on PVY incidence. Spraying foliage with mineral oil (Sunoco 11 E/3) reduced the incidence of PVY in 2 years by 43 to 58%, respectively. Straw mulch spread to the field at the time of plant emergence reduced PVY incidence in all 3 years by 50–70%. At farm level, straw mulch reduced the incidence of PVY in the progeny tubers by 25–47%, respectively, in both years tested; however, combining application of straw mulch and mineral oil did not further reduce incidence of PVY. Successful control of PVY in the HG area of Finland using straw mulch may be explained by transmission of PVY early in the growing season at the time of plant emergence and the relatively low number of vector aphids.

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Acknowledgments

We thank Elina Solarmo, Tapio Uotila, Esko Leiviskä, Tiina Väyrynen, Kaija Porkka, Anne-Maria Möttönen, Marika Oikarinen, and Esa Saarijärvi for skillful technical assistance and Samuli Junttila, Markku Kantola, Suomen siemenperunakeskus Oy, and Pohjoisen Kantaperuna Oy for collaboration. Financial support from the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Finland (grants 618/502/2008, 2383/312/2009) is gratefully acknowledged.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 27, 00014, Helsinki, Finland

    S. M. Kirchner, J. Santala & J. P. T. Valkonen

  2. Biotechnology and Food Research, MTT Agrifood Research Finland, P.O. Box 413, 90014, Oulu, Finland

    S. M. Kirchner, L. H. Hiltunen, A. Kankaala & E. Virtanen

  3. Department of Agronomy and Crop Science, Humboldt University Berlin, Albrecht-Thaer-Weg 5, 14195, Berlin-Dahlem, Germany

    T. F. Döring

  4. MTT Agrifood Research Finland, Plant Production Research, 31600, Jokioinen, Finland

    J. Ketola

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  1. S. M. Kirchner
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Kirchner, S.M., Hiltunen, L.H., Santala, J. et al. Comparison of Straw Mulch, Insecticides, Mineral Oil, and Birch Extract for Control of Transmission of Potato virus Y in Seed Potato Crops. Potato Res. 57, 59–75 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11540-014-9254-4

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