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Assessment of Ductile-to-Brittle Transition Behavior of Localized Microstructural Regions in a Friction-Stir Welded X80 Pipeline Steel with Miniaturized Charpy V-Notch Testing

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Abstract

Friction-stir welding (FSW) is an alternative welding process for pipelines. This technology offers sound welds, good repeatability, and excellent mechanical properties. However, it is of paramount importance to determine the toughness of the welds at low temperatures in order to establish the limits of this technology. Ductile-to-brittle transition curves were generated in the present study by using a small-scale instrumented Charpy machine and miniaturized V-notch specimens (Kleinstprobe, KLST); notches were located in base metal, heat-affected, stirred, and hard zones within a FSW joint of API-5L X80 Pipeline Steel. Specimens were tested at temperatures between 77 K (−196 °C) and 298 K (25 °C). Based on the results obtained, the transition temperatures for the base material and heat-affected zone were below 173 K (−100 °C); conversely, for the stirred and hard zones, it was located around 213 K (−60 °C). Fracture surfaces were characterized and showed a ductile fracture mechanism at high impact energies and a mixture of ductile and brittle mechanisms at low impact energies.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to acknowledge the financial support of Colciencias by the Scholarship No. 512 from 2010. We would like to thank the following institutions: Petrobras, NIST, and LNNano/CNPEM for providing funding and laboratory facilities where this work was developed; and TenarisConfab for the materials donation. Special thanks are due to Chris McCowan (NIST) for his useful suggestions during this work.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Campinas, Rua Mendeleyev 200, Campinas, SP, 13083860, Brazil

    Julian A. Avila (PhD Candidate, Research Engineer), Paulo Roberto Mei (Professor) & Antonio J. Ramirez (Professor, Guest Professor)

  2. Brazilian Nanotechnology National Laboratory, Rua Giuseppe Maximo Scolfaro 10000, Campinas, SP, 13083970, Brazil

    Julian A. Avila (PhD Candidate, Research Engineer)

  3. Applied Chemicals and Materials Division, Structural Materials, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, 80305, USA

    Enrico Lucon (Research Engineer) & Jeffrey Sowards (Metallurgist)

  4. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, 1248 Arthur E. Adams Drive, Columbus, OH, 43221, USA

    Antonio J. Ramirez (Professor, Guest Professor)

  5. Protiro Inc., Denver, CO, 80207, USA

    Enrico Lucon (Research Engineer)

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  1. Julian A. Avila
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  2. Enrico Lucon
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  3. Jeffrey Sowards
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  4. Paulo Roberto Mei
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  5. Antonio J. Ramirez
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Antonio J. Ramirez.

Additional information

Enrico Lucon is employed by Protiro, Inc. contractor to the National Institute of Standards and Technology. Jeffrey Sowards is employed by the National Institute of Standards and Technology. U.S. Government work is not protected by U.S. Copyright.

Manuscript submitted July 18, 2015.

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Avila, J.A., Lucon, E., Sowards, J. et al. Assessment of Ductile-to-Brittle Transition Behavior of Localized Microstructural Regions in a Friction-Stir Welded X80 Pipeline Steel with Miniaturized Charpy V-Notch Testing. Metall Mater Trans A 47, 2855–2865 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-016-3473-z

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