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Inter-organelle Communication in the Pathogenesis of Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Insulin Resistance

  • Other Forms of Diabetes and Its Complications (JJ Nolan and H Thabit, Section Editors)
  • Published:
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Abstract

Purpose of Review

Impairments in mitochondrial function in patients with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes have been disputed for decades. This review aims to briefly summarize the current knowledge on mitochondrial dysfunction in metabolic tissues and to particularly focus on addressing a new perspective of mitochondrial dysfunction, the altered capacity of mitochondria to communicate with other organelles within insulin-resistant tissues.

Recent Findings

Organelle interactions are temporally and spatially formed connections essential for normal cell function. Recent studies have shown that mitochondria interact with various cellular organelles, such as the endoplasmic reticulum, lysosomes and lipid droplets, forming inter-organelle junctions.

Summary

We will discuss the current knowledge on alterations in these mitochondria-organelle interactions in insulin resistance and diabetes, with a focus on changes in mitochondria-lipid droplet communication as a major player in ectopic lipid accumulation, lipotoxicity and insulin resistance.

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Acknowledgements

Figures were adapted from SMART Servier Medical Art in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License.

Funding

MJW and MKM are supported by Research Fellowships from the NHMRC (APP1077703, APP1143224).

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  1. Department of Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia

    Stacey N. Keenan, Matthew J. Watt & Magdalene K. Montgomery

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  1. Stacey N. Keenan
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  2. Matthew J. Watt
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Correspondence to Magdalene K. Montgomery.

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Keenan, S.N., Watt, M.J. & Montgomery, M.K. Inter-organelle Communication in the Pathogenesis of Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Insulin Resistance. Curr Diab Rep 20, 20 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11892-020-01300-4

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