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Cardiovascular Disease Risk Reduction and Body Mass Index

  • Hypertension and Obesity (E Reisin, Section Editor)
  • Published:
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Abstract

Purpose of Review

Anti-hypertensive and lipid lowering therapy addresses only half of the cardiovascular disease risk in patients with body mass index > 30 kg/m2, i.e., obesity. We examine newer aspects of obesity pathobiology that underlie the partial effectiveness of anti-hypertensive lipid lowering therapy for the reduction of cardiovascular disease risk in obesity.

Recent Findings

Obesity-related insulin resistance, vascular endothelium dysfunction, increased sympathetic nervous system/renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system activity, and glomerulopathy lead to type 2 diabetes, coronary atherosclerosis, and chronic disease kidney disease that besides hypertension and dyslipidemia increase cardiovascular disease risk.

Summary

Obesity increases cardiovascular disease risk through multiple pathways. Optimal reduction of cardiovascular disease risk in patients with obesity is likely to require therapy targeted at both obesity and obesity-associated conditions.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Section of Cardiology, John W. Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA

    Rohan Samson & Thierry H. Le Jemtel

  2. Department of Cardiology, AP-HP Hôpitaux Universitaires Henri Mondor, Créteil, France

    Pierre Vladimir Ennezat

  3. Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA

    Suzanne Oparil

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Rohan Samson, Pierre Vladimir Ennezat, and Thierry H. Le Jemtel declare that they have no conflict of interest. Suzanne Oparil reports personal fees from Preventric Diagnostic, Inc., personal fees from CinCor Pharma Inc., grants from HIGI, grants from George Clinical Pty, grants from CinCor, outside the submitted work: and EIC, Current Hypertension Reports (Journal; Publisher—Springer Science Business Media LLC); annual stipend of $5,000 (Springer); Editor-in-Chief Term until 12/2022.

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Samson, R., Ennezat, P.V., Le Jemtel, T.H. et al. Cardiovascular Disease Risk Reduction and Body Mass Index. Curr Hypertens Rep 24, 535–546 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11906-022-01213-5

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