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Milling effect on the photo-activated properties of \(\hbox {TiO}_{2}\) nanoparticles: electronic and structural investigations

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Abstract

Commercial PC105 titanium dioxide nanoparticles were studied under mechanical milling process. The effect of milling time and speed on the structural and electronic properties of \(\hbox {TiO}_{2}\) powder was then investigated using X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), dynamic light scattering (DLS), transmission electronic microscopy (TEM), electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and UV–visible spectroscopy. The related photo-catalytic properties of the milled nanoparticles were probed following the degradation rate of methylene orange (MO) under UV-light irradiation and through EPR spin-scavenging approach. Comparison with pristine powder shows that milled nanoparticles are significantly less reactive upon illumination, despite decreased radius and hence, higher specific area. Such low yield of reactive species is attributed to the apparition of the amorphous \(\hbox {TiO}_{2}\) and brookite phase upon milling, as well as increased charge carrier recombination as pointed out by the presence of sacrificial electron donor.

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Acknowledgements

This study was supported by the CNRS (Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique) and Université de Strasbourg. We gratefully acknowledge Dr Marc Schmutz for his kind help in the TEM experiments. The authors thank the French Ministry of Research and the REseauNAtional de RpeinterDisciplinaire (RENARD, Fédération IR-RPE CNRS #3443).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratoire d’Etude des Surfaces et Interfaces de la Matière Solide (LESIMS), Université Badji Mokhtar, 23000, Annaba, Algeria

    Youcef Messai & Djamel Eddine Mekki

  2. Institut de Chimie (UMR 7177, CNRS-Unistra), Université de Strasbourg, 1 rue Blaise Pascal, CS 90032, 67081, Strasbourg Cedex, France

    Youcef Messai, Bertrand Vileno & Philippe Turek

  3. CNRS, Institut Charles Sadron, Université de Strasbourg, 23 rue du Lœss, 67000, Strasbourg, France

    David Martel

  4. French EPR Federation of Research (REseau NAtional de RPEinterDisciplinaire (RENARD), Fédération IR-RPE CNRS #3443), Strasbourg, France

    Bertrand Vileno & Philippe Turek

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  1. Youcef Messai
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Correspondence to Djamel Eddine Mekki.

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Messai, Y., Vileno, B., Martel, D. et al. Milling effect on the photo-activated properties of \(\hbox {TiO}_{2}\) nanoparticles: electronic and structural investigations. Bull Mater Sci 41, 57 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12034-018-1572-8

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