Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Esterification of maleic acid and butanol using cationic exchange resin as catalyst

  • Regular Article
  • Published:
Journal of Chemical Sciences Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Abstract

Dibutyl maleate is a perfumery ester used as an intermediate in the production of paints, adhesives, and copolymers. Esterification of maleic acid and butanol was studied in presence of acidic cation exchange resin as a catalyst. The objective of this work was to test the suitability and efficacy of heterogeneous catalysts such as Indion 225H and Amberlyst-15 in the synthesis of dibutyl maleate. Various parameters deciding the conversion of reaction such as mole ratio, catalyst loading, molecular sieves, speed of agitation and effect of temperature were optimized for the maximum rate and conversion. The activation energy was calculated as 71.5 kcal/mol. Diffusivity value \(\hbox {D}_{\mathrm{AB}}\) (maleic acid in n-butanol) at \(80\,^{\circ }\hbox {C}\) was calculated as \(5.08\times 10^{-10}~\hbox {m}^{2}/\hbox {s}\) and effective diffusivity (\(\hbox {D}_{{\text {e-A}}})\) was calculated as \(5.08\times 10^{-11}\,\hbox {m}^{2}/\hbox {s}\). Solid–liquid mass transfer coefficient (\(\hbox {k}_{{\text {sl-A}}}\)) was calculated as \(6.77\times 10^{-6}\,\hbox {m/s}\) for the particle size of Amberlyst-15 as 0.5 mm.

Graphical Abstract

Synopsis. Synthesis of dibutyl maleate was carried out using ion exchange resin as a catalyst. Effect of various parameters on the conversion of reaction like mole ratio, catalyst loading, molecular sieves, the speed of agitation and effect of temperature was studied.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Yadav G D and Thathagar M B 2002 Esterification of maleic acid with ethanol through cationic exchange resin catalysts React. Funct. Polym. 52 99

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Dange P N and Rathod V K 2014 Synthesis of methyl butyrate using heterogeneous catalyst: Kinetic studies Catal. Lett. 144 1537

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Toor A P, Sharma M, Ghansyam K and Wanchoo R K 2011 Kinetic study of esterification of acetic acid with n-butanol and isobutanol catalyzed by ion exchange resin Bull. Chem. React. Eng. Catal. 6 3

    Google Scholar 

  4. Sharma M M 1995 Some novel aspects of cationic ion-exchange resins as catalysts React. Funct. Polym. 26 3

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Gangadwala J, Mankar S and Mahajani S 2003 Esterification of Acetic Acid with Butanol in the presence of ion-exchange resins as catalysts Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 42 2146

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Chakrabarti A and Sharma M M 1993 Cationic ion exchange resins as catalyst React. Polym. 20 1

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Ali S H, Tarakmah A, Merchant S Q and Al-Sahhaf T 2007 Synthesis of esters: Development of the rate expression for the Dowex 50Wx8-400 catalyzed esterification of propionic acid with 1-propanol Chem. Eng. Sci. 62 3197

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Yadav G D and Krishnan M S 1998 An ecofriendly catalytic route for the preparation of perfumery grade methyl anthranilate from anthranilic acid and methanol Org. Process. Res. Dev. 2 86

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Yadav G D and Mehta P H 1994 Heterogeneous catalysis in esterification reactions: preparation of phenethyl acetate and cyclohexyl acetate by using a variety of solid acidic catalysts Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 33 2198

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Sejidov F T, Mansoori Y and Goodarzi N 2005 Esterification reaction using solid heterogeneous acid catalysts under solvent-less condition J. Mol. Catal. A Chem. 240 186

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Peters T, Benes N E, Holmen A and Keurentjes J T 2006 Comparison of commercial solid acid catalysts for the esterification of acetic acid with butanol Appl. Catal. A Gen. 297 182

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Liu Y, Lotero E and Goodwin J 2006 Effect of water on sulphuric acid catalyzed esterification J. Mol. Catal. A Chem. 245 132

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Taysun M B, Sert E and Atalay F S 2014 ISITES 2014: 2nd International Symposium on Innovative Technologies in Engineering and Science, June 18–20, Karabuk, Turkey, p. 1325

  14. Yadav G D and Kulkarni H B 2000 Ion exchange resin catalysis in the synthesis of isopropyl lactate React. Funct. Polym. 44 153

  15. Poling B E, Prausnitz J M and O’Connell J P 2001 In The Properties of Gases and Liquids (New York: Mcgraw-Hill) p. 11.21

  16. Ali S H and Merchant S 2006 Kinetics of the esterification of acetic acid with 2-propanol: Impact of different acidic cation exchange resins on reaction mechanism Int. J. Chem. Kinet. 38 593

  17. Mahajani S M, Kolah A K and Sharma M M 1995 Extractive reactions with cationic exchange resins as catalysts (acetalization of aldehydes with alcohols) React. Funct. Polym. 28 29

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga (E), Mumbai, 400019, India

    Aarti Mulay & V K Rathod

Authors
  1. Aarti Mulay
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. V K Rathod
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to V K Rathod.

Additional information

Special Issue on Recent Trends in the Design and Development of Catalysts and their Applications.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Mulay, A., Rathod, V.K. Esterification of maleic acid and butanol using cationic exchange resin as catalyst. J Chem Sci 129, 1713–1720 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12039-017-1375-2

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12039-017-1375-2

Keywords

Search

Navigation