Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Antidyslipidaemic activity of Glycyrrhiza glabra in high fructose diet induced dsyslipidaemic Syrian golden hamsters

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Indian Journal of Clinical Biochemistry Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The root of Glycyrrhiza glabra is a traditional medicine used mainly for the treatment of peptic ulcer, hepatitis C, pulmonary and skin diseases, although clinical and experimental studies suggest that it has several other useful pharmacological properties such as antiinflammatory, antiviral, antimicrobial, antioxidative, anticancer activities, immunomodulatory, hepatoprotective and cardioprotective effects. Glycyrrhizinic acid, a major component of licorice, has antiulcer effect by raising the local concentration of prostaglandins that promote mucous secretion and cell proliferation in the stomach. Glycyrrhizin shows hepatoprotective effect by preventing changes in cell membrane permeability, inhibiting phospholipase A2 (PLA2) and increasing survival rate of hepatocytes. Glabridin has effect in melanogenesis and inflammation by inhibiting the tyrosinase activity of melanocytes. α-glycyhrritinic acid exhibits anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting glucocorticoid metabolism. In present study ethanolic (95%) extract of root of Glycyrrhiza glabra and its fractions were investigated for its antidyslipidaemic activity on HFD induced dyslipidaemic hamsters. Ethanolic extract and its ethyl acetate soluble, water soluble and hexane soluble fractions decreased serum level of total cholesterol by 25.9, 38.0, 39.0 and 26.3%, respectively. On the other hand ethanolic extract, ethyl acetate soluble, water soluble and hexane soluble fraction increased the serum HDL-cholesterol level by 14.8, 34.3, 27.3 and 17.2%, respectively. Ethanolic extract, ethyl acetate fraction, aqueous fraction and hexane fraction decreased triglyceride level by 31.3, 37.2, 41.2 and 28.9%, respectively. The reduction in LDL-cholesterol level by ethanolic extract, ethyl acetate soluble fraction and water soluble fraction were 43.9, 31.0, 33.4 and 24.6%, respectively.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Chong PH, Bachenheimer BS. Current, new and future treatments in dyslipidaemia and atherosclerosis. Drugs 2000;60(1):55–93.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Havel R, Rapaport E. Management of primary hyperlipidemia. N Engl J Med 1995;332:1491–1498.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Tiwari A. Natural product antioxidants and their therapeutic potential in mitigating peroxidative modification of lipoproteins and atherosclerosis: recent development. J Med Aroma Plant Sci 1999;21:730–741.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Singh B, Bhat TK, Singh B. Potential therapeutic applications of some antinutritional plant secondary metabolites. J Agric Food Chem 2003;51(19):5579–5597.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Ross IA. Medicinal plants of the world. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press Inc; 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Vaya J, Belinky PA, Aviram M. Antioxidant Constituents from Licorice Roots: Isolation, Structure Elucidation and Antioxidative Capacity Toward LDL Oxidation. Free Radical Biol Med 1997;23(2):302–313.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Belinky PA, Aviram M, Fuhrman B, Rosenblat M, Vaya J. The antioxidative effects of the isoflavan glabridin on endogenous constituents of LDL during its oxidation. Atherosclerosis 1998;137(1):49–61.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Zhan C, Yang J. Protective effects of isoliquiritigenin in transient middle cerebral artery occlusion-induced focal cerebral ischemia in rats. Pharmacol Res 2006;53(3):303–309.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Sitohy MZ, el-Massry RA, el-Saadany SS, Labib SM. Metabolic effects of licorice roots (Glycyrrhiza glabra) on lipid distribution pattern, liver and renal functions of albino rats. MS Nahrung 1991;35(8):799–806.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Wang GS, Han ZW. The protective action of glycyrrhiza flavonoids against carbon tetrachloride hepatotoxicity in mice. Yao Xue Xue Bao 1993;28(8):572–576.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Kiso Y, Tohkin M, Hikino H. Mechanism of antihepatotoxic activity of glycyrhhizin, I: Effect on free radical generation and lipid peroxidation. Planta Medica 1984;50:298–302.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Haraguchi H, Ishikawa H, Mizutani K, Tamura Y, Kinoshita T. Antioxidative and superoxide scavenging activities of retrochalcones in Glycyrrhiza inflata. Bioorg Med Chem 1998;6(3):339–347.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Krausse R, Bielenberg J, Blaschek W, Ullmann U. In vitro anti-Helicobacter pylori activity of Extractum liquiritiae, glycyrrhizin and its metabolites. J Antimicrob Chemother 2004;54(1):243–246.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Friedewald WT, Levy RI, Fredrickson DS. Estimation of the Concentration of Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterolin Plasma, Without Use of the Preparative Ultracentrifuge. Clin Chem 1972;18(6):499–502.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Park O, Cesar D, Faix D, Wu K, Shackleton C, Hellerstein M. Mechanism of fructose-induced hypertriglyceridemia in the rat: Activation of hepatic pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase. Biochem J 1992;282:753–757.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Zavaroni I, Chen Y, Reaven GM. Studies of the mechanisms of fructose-induce hypertriglyceridemia in the rat. Metabolism 1982;31:1077–1083.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Kelley GL, Allan G, Azhar S. High dietary fructose induces a hepatic stress response resulting in cholesterol and lipid dysregulation. Endocrinol 2005;145(2):548–555.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Tan BK, Tan CH, Pushparaj PN. Anti-diabetic activity of the semipurified fractions of Averrhoa bilimbi in high fat diet fedstreptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Life Sci 2005;76:2827–2839.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Betteridge J. Lipid disorders in diabetes mellitus. In: Pickup, JC Williams, G. (Eds.), Textbook of Diabetes. second ed. London: Blackwell Science; 1997.

    Google Scholar 

  20. Ghatak A, Asthana OP. Recent trends in hyperlipoproteinemias and its pharmacotherapy. Ind J Pharmacol 1995;27:14–29.

    Google Scholar 

  21. Brown GB, Xue Qiao, Sacco DE, Alberts JJ. Lipid lowering and plaque regression. New insights into prevention of plaque disruption and clinical events in coronary disease. Circulation 1993;87:1781–1791.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Visavadiya NP, Narasimhacharya AVRL. Hypocholesterolaemic and antioxidant effects of Glycyrrhiza glabra (Linn) in rats. Mol Nutr Food Res 2006;50:1080–1086.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Howell TJ, MacDougall DE, Jones PJH. Phytosterols partially explain differences in cholesterol metabolism caused by corn or olive oil feeding. J Lipid Res 1998;39:892–900.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Ikeda I, Sugano M. Inhibition of cholesterol absorption by plant sterols for mass intervention. Curr Opin Lipidol 1998;9:527–531.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Harwood JHJ, Chandler CE, Pellarin LD, Bangerter FW, RW Wilkins, Long CA, et al. Pharmacologic consequences of cholesterol absorption inhibition: alteration in cholesterol metabolism and reduction in plasma cholesterol concentration induced by the synthetic saponin betatigogenin cellobioside (CP-88818; tiqueside). J Lipid Res 1993;34:377–395.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Oakenfull DG, Sidhu GS. Could saponins be a useful treatment for hypercholesterolaemia? Eur J Clin Nutr 1990;44:79–88.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Warnholtz A, Mollnau H, Oelze M, Wendt M, Munzel T. Hypolipidemic and antioxidant activities of Asparagus racemosus in hypercholesteremic rats. Curr Hyperten Reports 2001;3:53–60.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Fukushima M, Ohashi T, Fujiwara Y, Sonoyama K, Nakano M. Cholesterol-lowering effects of maitake (Grifola frondosa) fiber, shiitake (Lentinus edodes) fiber, and enokitake (Flammulina velutipes) fiber in rats. Exp Biol Med 2001;226:758–765.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Venkatesan N, Devaraj SN, Devaraj H. Increased binding of LDL and VLDL to apo B, E receptors of hepatic plasma membrane of rats treated with fibernat. Eur J Nutr 2003;42:262–271.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Gotto AM. Triglyceride: The Forgotten Risk Factor. Circulation 1998;97:1027–1028.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Han LK, Zheng YN, Xu BJ, Okuda H, Kimura Y. Saponins from Platycodi Radix ameliorate high fat diet-induced obesity in mice. J Nutr 2002;132:2241–2245.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Staels B, Dallongville J, Auwerx J, Schoonjans K, Leitersdorf E. Mechanism of action of fibrates on lipid and lipoprotein metabolism. Circulation 1998;98:2088–2093.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Wilson PW, Abbott RD, Castelli WP. High density lipoprotein cholesterol and mortality. The Framingham Heart Study. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 1988;8:737–741.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Assmann G, Nofer J. Atheroprotective effects of high-density lipoproteins. Annu Rev Med 2003;54:321–341.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Moundras C, Behr SR, Remesy C, Demigne C. Fecal losses of sterols and bile acids induced by feeding rats Guar gum are due to greater pool size and liver bile acid secretion. J Nutr 1997;127:1068–1076.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. Vinson JA, Hu S-J, Jung S, Stanski AM. A citrus extract plus ascorbic acid decreases lipids, lipid peroxides, lipoprotein oxidative susceptibility, and atherosclerosis in hypercholesterolemic hamsters. J Agric Food Chem. 1998;46:1453–1459.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Daniel RS, Devi KS, Augusti KT. Mechanism of action of antiatherogenic and related effects of Ficus bengalensis Linn. flavonoids in experimental animals. Ind J Exp Biol 2003;41:296–303.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Biochemistry, Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226001, India

    Santosh Kumar Maurya & Arvind Kumar Srivastava

  2. Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226001, India

    Kanwal Raj

Authors
  1. Santosh Kumar Maurya
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Kanwal Raj
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Arvind Kumar Srivastava
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Santosh Kumar Maurya.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Maurya, S.K., Raj, K. & Srivastava, A.K. Antidyslipidaemic activity of Glycyrrhiza glabra in high fructose diet induced dsyslipidaemic Syrian golden hamsters. Indian J Clin Biochem 24, 404–409 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12291-009-0072-4

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12291-009-0072-4

Key Words

Search

Navigation