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Seismic hazard evaluation using site response analysis and amplitude parameters at Hawassa town, Main Ethiopian Rift

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Abstract

Ground motion from an earthquake is the most devastating geo-hazard in seismically active areas as it affects human life and infrastructure as well as their day-to-day activities. Hawassa town has faced distress of building due to earthquake of small to intermediate magnitudes. The main aim of this study is to predict ground motion parameters using DEEPSOILV.7 program. For this purpose, linear, equivalent linear, and nonlinear approaches at five sites were applied. In this study, the natural period (T30) and amplification (A30) of the site were used to determine the amplification. Two input ground motions from the DEEPSOILV.7 software were used to generate site’s PGA (g), spectral acceleration (PSA) (g), maximum strain (%), and amplification factor (AF) at the surface. In addition, T30 and A30 maps at a depth of 30 m were prepared by krigging interpolation techniques. The PGA (g), AF, and maximum strain (%) and PSA (g) showed the amplification at a shallow depth for the input motion at four sites but deamplification at one sites. The highest maximum strain (%) values were observed at a shallow depth indicating the probability of liquefaction induced ground deformation. The T30 and A30 map showed a long period and high amplification in the northern part but a short period and low amplification in the southern part. The results of this study will be used at local, zonal, regional, and federal levels for the design of critical structures as it provides first-hand information on the seismic hazard of the area.

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Data availability

Some of the data analyzed during this study is included in this manuscript. In addition, the remaining datasets used for this study are available with the corresponding author which can be obtained up on a reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

The first author would like to thank ADDIS GEOSYSTEM CO.LTD, ARCON Design Build plc, and Southern Design and Construction Supervision Enterprise (SDCSE) for providing geotechnical and borehole data, respectively. Without Deepsoil software and the Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center (PEER) database (http://peer.berkeley.edu), this article couldn’t be completed. Therefore, the database and the software owners should be acknowledged.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Geology, College of Applied Science, Addis Ababa Science and Technology University, P.O.Box.16417, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

    Alemayehu Ayele & Matebie Meten

  2. Department of Geology, College of Natural and Computational Science, Wachamo University, P.O. Box. 667, Hosanna, Ethiopia

    Alemayehu Ayele

  3. School of Earth Science, Mekelle University, P.O.Box.231, Mekelle, Ethiopia

    Kifle Woldearegay

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  1. Alemayehu Ayele
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Contributions

AA collected, processed, compiled, analyzed, and simulated the 1D site response data using the Deepsoilv.7 program and other software’s and wrote the draft manuscript. KW and MM have improved and enriched this manuscript in terms of its technical content and English. Finally all authors have read and approved the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Alemayehu Ayele.

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Ayele, A., Woldearegay, K. & Meten, M. Seismic hazard evaluation using site response analysis and amplitude parameters at Hawassa town, Main Ethiopian Rift. Arab J Geosci 16, 212 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-023-11301-8

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