Abstract
Al–Cu–Ni alloys are of scientific and technological interest due to high strength/high temperature applications, based on the reinforcement originated from the interaction between the Al-rich phase and intermetallic composites. The nature, morphology, size, volume fraction and dispersion of IMCs particles throughout the Al-rich matrix are important factors determining the resulting mechanical and chemical properties. The present work aims to evaluate the effect of the addition of 1wt%Ni into Al–5wt%Cu and Al–15wt%Cu alloys on the solidification rate, macrosegregation, microstructure features and the interrelations of such characteristics on tensile and corrosion properties. A directional solidification technique is used permitting a wide range of microstructural scales to be examined. Experimental growth laws relating the primary and secondary dendritic spacings to growth rate and solidification cooling rate are proposed, and Hall–Petch type equations are derived relating the ultimate tensile strength and elongation to the primary dendritic spacing. Considering a compromise between ultimate tensile strength and corrosion resistance of the examined alloys samples from both alloys castings it is shown that the samples having more refined microstructures are associated with the highest values of such properties.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
A.K. Vasudeva, R.D. Doherty, Aluminum Alloys: Contemporary Research and Applications (Academic Press Inc, San Diego, 1989)
V.S. Zolotorevsky, N.A. Belov, M.V. Glazoff, Casting Aluminum Alloys (Elsevier Science, Amsterdam, 2007)
J. Brillo, A. Bytchkov, I. Egry, L. Hennet, G. Mathiak, I. Pozdnyakova, D.L. Price, D. Thiaudiere, D. Zanghi, J. Non-Cryst. Solids 352, 4008 (2006)
C.S. Tiwary, S. Kashyap, K. Chattopadhyay, Scr. Mater. 93, 20 (2014)
X.W. Zhou, D.K. Ward, M.E. Foster, J. Alloys Compd. 680, 752 (2016)
J.M.V. Quaresma, C.A. Santos, A. Garcia, Metall. Mater. Trans. A 31, 3167 (2000)
E. Çadırlı, Met. Mater. Int. 19, 411 (2013)
M.V. Canté, J.E. Spinelli, N. Cheung, A. Garcia, Met. Mater. Int. 16, 39 (2010)
Q. Dong, J. Zhang, J. Dong, Y. Dai, F. Bian, H. Xie, Y. Lu, B. Sun, Mater. Lett. 65, 3295 (2011)
M. Gündüz, E. Çadırlı, Mat. Sci. Eng. A Struct. 327, 167 (2002)
L. Abou-Khalil, G. Salloum-Abou-Jaoude, G. Reinhart, C. Pickmann, G. Zimmermann, H. Nguyen-Thi, Acta Mater. 110, 44 (2016)
J.T. Kim, S.W. Lee, S.H. Hong, H.J. Park, J. Park, N. Lee, Y. Seo, W. Wang, J.M. Park, K.B. Kim, Mater. Des. 92, 1038 (2016)
S.W. Lee, J.T. Kim, S.H. Hong, H.J. Park, J.Y. Park, N.S. Lee, Y. Seo, J.Y. Suh, J. Eckert, D.H. Kim, J.M. Park, K.B. Kim, Sci. Rep. 4, 1 (2014)
C.-H. Wang, S.-W. Chen, C.-H. Chang, J.-C. Wu, Metall. Mater. Trans. A 34, 199 (2003)
V. Raghavan, J. Phase Equilib. Diffus. 27, 389 (2006)
C.-L. Chen, R.C. Thomson, J. Alloys Compd. 490, 293 (2010)
C.-L. Chen, R.C. Thomson, Intermetallics 18, 1750 (2010)
G. Mrówka-Nowotnik, Recent Trends in Processing and Degradation of Aluminium Alloys, ed. Z. Ahmad, Intech. https://www.intechopen.com/books/recent-trends-in-processing-and-degradation-of-aluminium-alloys/intermetallic-phases-examination-in-cast-alsi5cu1mg-and-alcu4ni2mg2-aluminium-alloys-in-as-cast-and- (2011)
C.-L. Chen, A. Richter, R.C. Thomson, Intermetallics 18, 499 (2010)
Z. Zhang, E. Akiyama, Y. Watanabe, Y. Katada, K. Tsuzaki, Corros. Sci. 49, 2962 (2007)
M.A. Amin, S.S. Abd El Rehim, S.O. Moussa, A.S. Ellithy, Electrochim. Acta 53, 5644 (2008)
C. Brito, T. Vida, E. Freitas, N. Cheung, J.E. Spinelli, A. Garcia, J. Alloys Compd. 673, 220 (2016)
W.R. Osório, L.C. Peixoto, M.V. Canté, A. Garcia, Mater. Des. 31, 4485 (2010)
W.L.R. Santos, C. Brito, J.M.V. Quaresma, J.E. Spinelli, A. Garcia, Mater. Sci. Eng. B Adv. 182, 29 (2014)
T.A. Costa, E.S. Freitas, M. Dias, C. Brito, N. Cheung, A. Garcia, J. Alloys Compd. 653, 243 (2015)
O.L. Rocha, C.A. Siqueira, A. Garcia, Metall. Mater. Trans. A 34, 995 (2003)
M.V. Canté, K.S. Cruz, J.E. Spinelli, N. Cheung, A. Garcia, Mater. Lett. 61, 2135 (2007)
J. Grandfield, D.G. Eskin, I. Bainbridge, Direct-Chill Casting of Light Alloys: Science and Technology (Wiley, New York, 2013), pp. 144–254
W.R. Osório, J.E. Spinelli, I.L. Ferreira, A. Garcia, Eletrochim. Acta. 52, 3265 (2007)
I.L. Ferreira, A. Garcia, B. Nestler, Scr. Mater. 50, 407–411 (2004)
M.V. Canté, J.E. Spinelli, I.L. Ferreira, N. Cheung, A. Garcia, Metall. Mater. Trans. A 39, 1712 (2008)
E. Karaköse, M. Keskin, Mater. Des. 32, 4970 (2011)
M. Warmuzek, J. Alloys Compd. 604, 245 (2014)
Inorganic Crystal Structure Database, Crystallographic Information Framework (CIF) files. http://www.fiz-karlsruhe.de/icsd.html (2017)
W. Kurz, D.J. Fisher, Fundamentals of Solidification (Trans. Tech. Publications, Zurich, 1998)
C. Brito, T.A. Costa, T.A. Vida, F. Bertelli, N. Cheung, J.E. Spinelli, A. Garcia, Metall. Mater. Trans. A 46, 3342 (2015)
O.L. Rocha, C.A. Siqueira, A. Garcia, Mat. Sci. Eng. A Struct. 361, 111 (2003)
D.J. Moutinho, L.G. Gomes, O.L. Rocha, I.L. Ferreira, A. Garcia, Mater. Sci. Forum 730, 883 (2013)
B.L. Silva, A. Garcia, J.E. Spinelli, Mater. Charact. 114, 30 (2016)
R.N. Duarte, J.D. Faria, C. Brito, N.C. Veríssimo, N. Cheung, A. Garcia, Int. J. Mod. Phys. B 29, 1550261-1 (2015)
L.F. Gomes, B.L. Silva, A. Garcia, J.E. Spinelli, Metall. Mater. Trans. A 48, 1841 (2017)
J.D. Faria, C.C. Brito, T.A.P.S. Costa, N.C. Verissimo, W.L.R. Santos, J.M.S. Dias Filho, A. Garcia, N. Cheung, Materia-Rio de Janeiro 20, 992 (2015)
R. Ambat, A.J. Davenport, G.M. Scamans, A. Afseth, Corros. Sci. 48, 3455–3471 (2006)
E. Ghali, Corrosion Resistance of Aluminum and Magnesium Alloys: Understanding, Performance, and Testing, vol. 12 (Wiley, Hoboken, 2010), p. 193
N. Sato, Electrochim. Acta 16, 1683 (1971)
G.T. Burstein, P.C. Pistorius, S.P. Mattin, Corros. Sci. 35, 57 (1993)
G. Meng, L. Wei, T. Zhang, Y. Shao, F. Wang, C. Dong, X. Li, Corros. Sci. 51, 2151 (2009)
W.R. Osório, J.E. Spinelli, A.P. Boeira, C.M.A. Freire, A. Garcia, Microsc. Res. Tech. 70, 928 (2007)
W.R. Osório, J.E. Spinelli, C.M.A. Freire, M.B. Cardona, A. Garcia, J. Alloys Compd. 443, 87 (2007)
W.R. Osório, L.C. Peixoto, M.V. Canté, A. Garcia, Electrochim. Acta 55, 4078 (2010)
W.R. Osório, J.E. Spinelli, C.R.M. Afonso, L.C. Peixoto, A. Garcia, Electrochim. Acta 69, 371 (2012)
W.R. Osório, J.E. Spinelli, C.R.M. Afonso, L.C. Peixoto, A. Garcia, Electrochim. Acta 56, 8891 (2011)
Acknowledgements
The authors acknowledge the financial support provided by CNPq—The Brazilian Research Council and FAPEAM–Amazonas State Research Support Foundation. The authors would like to thank the Brazilian Nanotechnology National Laboratory—LNNano for the use of its facilities.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Rodrigues, A.V., Lima, T.S., Vida, T.A. et al. Microstructure and Tensile/Corrosion Properties Relationships of Directionally Solidified Al–Cu–Ni Alloys. Met. Mater. Int. 24, 1058–1076 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12540-018-0116-5
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12540-018-0116-5