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Evaluation of landslide hazards potential at Dasu dam site and its reservoir area

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Abstract

This effort is made to develop a landslide hazard map and perform the kinematic slope instability analysis of the critical sections at the Dasu dam site and its reservoir area. The study area is located at the Indus River in the Kohistan District within the highly elevated Himalayan terrain. The fragile geologic setup and high tectonic activity make this region favorable to produce frequent slope failures and landsliding events. First, a regional level landslide inventory map was created using GIS and remote-sensing tools. For this a hill shaded topographic map was created by overlapping a topographic map on to a hillshade image extracted from satellite based PALSAR Digital Elevation Model (DEM) with 12.5 m spatial resolution in GIS environment. Numerous past landsides were delineated using the expert driven knowledge of anomalous topographic expression like, crenulated contours, divergent contours, isolated topographic knobs, extended topographic ridges and arcuate headscarf evacuation areas. Total 120 landslides were marked, later a field visit was carried out for the validation of this exercise. The overall efficiency of this work was 85% which indicates that the GIS and remote sensing tools utilized for this study are reliable and effective in producing regional landslide inventory maps. Moreover, the scanline surveys were conducted at few selected locations to generate discontinuities data for the evaluation of slope instability issues by using kinematic analysis in DIPS 7.0 software. The study successfully highlights the usefulness of GIS and RS tools and in combination with kinematic analysis for landslides hazard assessment for mega projects. The outcomes of this research could serve as a guide in risk assessment and mitigation work in future to stabilize the critical slopes near Dasu dam site and along its reservoir area.

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The authors have no reservations about sharing the data and material used for this study upon request.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are thankful to the respected reviewers for their valuable comments to improve the quality of this manuscript. We further extend our appreciation to University of Engineering and Technology and Water and Power Development Authority (WAPDA) for their support to conduct this research work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Geological Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan

    M. Farooq Ahmed & Ehtisham Mehmood

  2. Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan

    Falak Sher & Ehtisham Mehmood

Authors
  1. M. Farooq Ahmed
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  2. Falak Sher
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  3. Ehtisham Mehmood
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Contributions

The first author MFA conceived the idea to conduct this research. Later he supervised the research work and partly written the article. The second author FS performed this research work under the supervision of first author. The 3rd author EM (Assistant Professor Civil Engg Department UET Lahore) greatly helped in conducting the scanline surveys in the field and later in the revision of this article in methodology and introduction section. The authors have no conflict of interest in publishing this resasrch work.

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Correspondence to M. Farooq Ahmed.

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Ahmed, M.F., Sher, F. & Mehmood, E. Evaluation of landslide hazards potential at Dasu dam site and its reservoir area. Environ Earth Sci 82, 183 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-023-10789-3

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