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Enzymology on an Electrode and in a Nanopore: Analysis Algorithms, Enzyme Kinetics, and Perspectives

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Abstract   

Enzymes are powerful and effective biological catalysts demanded in various areas of human activity, especially in medicinal area and as modem diagnostic tools. Enzymes-based electrode sensors (2D format) and nanopore sensors (3D format) represent modern, high-tech areas of bionanotechnology and bionanoscience. A comparative analysis of the catalytic activity of enzymes on flat electrode as a 2D sensor, on an electrode functionalized with a nanoporous material based on indium tin oxide as a transition from 2 to 3D model, and in a biological nanopore as a 3D sensor was carried out. Analysis of electrochemical properties of substrate or product/metabolite for the assessment of catalytic activity of enzymes was described. Comparative kinetic parameters of enzymes immobilized on an electrode and in a nanopore as sensors are given. The authors present the prospects of both electrochemical studies of enzymes using electrode sensor and studies of enzymes or substrates confined in a nanopore sensor.

Highlights

Enzyme-based electrodes (2D format) for analysis of ensemble of proteins were discussed.

A novel method was developed for analysis of cytochrome P450 confined in nanopores on electrode.

Nanopore sensors as 3D systems for analysis of single molecule catalytic activity were analyzed.

Comparative kinetic parameters of enzyme systems on an electrode and in a nanopore were augmented.

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Acknowledgements

The study was performed employing “Avogadro” large-scale research facilities.

Funding

The study was financially supported by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, Agreement No. 075–15-2021–933, unique project ID: RF00121X0004. The work was performed within the framework of the Program for Basic Research in the Russian Federation for a long-term period (2021-2030) (No. 122030100168-2).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 119121, Moscow, Russia

    V. V. Shumyantseva, A. V. Kuzikov, R. A. Masamrekh, T. A. Filippova, P. I. Koroleva, L. E. Agafonova, T. V. Bulko & A. I. Archakov

  2. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 117997, Moscow, Russia

    V. V. Shumyantseva, A. V. Kuzikov, R. A. Masamrekh, T. A. Filippova & A. I. Archakov

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  1. V. V. Shumyantseva
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Contributions

VVS, developed the concept, conceptualization, and methodology, supervision and manuscript editing, manuscript writing; AVK, designed the experiments and analyzed the data obtained; RAM, designed the experiments with drugs; TAF, performed the electrochemical experiments; PIK, performed the electrochemical experiments; LEA and TVB, designed the experiments and analyzed the data obtained; AIA, idea, supervision, and manuscript editing. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to V. V. Shumyantseva.

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Shumyantseva, V.V., Kuzikov, A.V., Masamrekh, R.A. et al. Enzymology on an Electrode and in a Nanopore: Analysis Algorithms, Enzyme Kinetics, and Perspectives. BioNanoSci. 12, 1341–1355 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12668-022-01037-2

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