Abstract
The infection process and life cycle of S. tanaceti in leaf lamina of pyrethrum plants was investigated using histopathology. Conidia attached firmly to the leaf surface before the infection hyphae penetrated directly into the epidermal cells of the leaf without forming appressoria. The maximum germination of conidia on leaf surface was 85 % at 54 HAI. Infection hyphae infected the epidermal and palisade parenchyma cells through the middle lamella. Brown lesions on the leaf were a result of infected necrotic epidermal cells. Extensive colonization through both intra- and intercellular hyphae along with pycnidia formation caused enormous damage to the infected cells at 12 DAI. Unlike the quadruple stain, both single and dual stains had very limited ability to visualise infection structures. These results have provided a better understanding of the physical interaction between the pathogen and the pyrethrum leaf tissues and will help to elucidate the complete disease cycle of S. tanaceti on pyrethrum plant.
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This project was supported by Botanical Resources Australia Pty Ltd, Ulverstone, Tasmania
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Appendix-i
Appendix-i
Sl | Reagents/ Stain | Compositions |
1 | V8 media | Sterile distilled water 271 mL, CaCO3 1.31 g, Agar 7 g and V8 juice 78.75 mL with adjusted pH at 6.25, then autoclave at 121 °C for 20 min. |
2 | FAA | 10 % formalin, 5 % acetic acid, 50 % ethanol and 35 % sterile water |
3 | Lactophenol cotton blue solution | 0.05 % cotton blue (w/v) in compositions of 20 % ethanol, 20 % lactic acid, 40 % glycerol and 20 % distilled sterile water |
4 | Safranin O | 100 mL methyl cello solve, 50 mL absolute ethanol, 50 mL DI water, 2 g sodium acetate, 4 mL 37 % formalin, 2 g Safranin O powder (Sigma- S 2255 100 g). |
5 | Fast Green FCF | 0.25 g Fast Green powder (Sigma- F 7252 5 g) in 50 mL (1:1) methyl cello solve: clove oil (Sigma C 8392 500 mL), 150 mL absolute ethanol, 150 mL tert-butanol (100 %) and 3.5 mL glacial acetic acid |
6 | Orange G | 1 g Orange G powder (Sigma O 3756 25 g) in 200 mL methyl cello solve in 100 mL absolute ethanol |
7 | Crystal Violet | 1 g Crystal violet powder (Sigma C-6158 100 g) in 100 mL sterile distilled water |
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Bhuiyan, M.A.H.B., Groom, T., Nicolas, M.E. et al. Histopathology of S. tanaceti infection in pyrethrum leaf lamina. Australasian Plant Pathol. 44, 629–636 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13313-015-0377-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13313-015-0377-0