Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Study of Structural, Magnetic and Optical Properties of \(\hbox {BiFeO}_{3}{-}\hbox {PbTiO}_{3}\) Multiferroic Composites

  • Research Article - Physics
  • Published:
Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The crystalline samples of lead titanate altered bismuth ferrite (\(\hbox {BiFeO}_{3})_{1-{x}}(\hbox {PbTiO}_{3})_{{x}}\) [\(x= 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4\) and 0.5] have been synthesized by high-temperature solid-state reaction technique. The formation of the materials was affirmed through fundamental investigation utilizing X-ray diffraction which uncovers the presence of morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) in composite. XRD examination displays structural change from rhombohedral (\(x=0.0\)) to tetragonal (\(x=0.4\)). Estimated grain size along (104) peak was observed to be diminished with the increase in content of \(\hbox {PbTiO}_{3}\) due to mixing of tetragonal phases. SEM and EDAX of sample were carried out for analysis of surface morphology and verification of chemical homogeneity, respectively. Study of M-H graph reveals antiferromagnetic nature of \(\hbox {BiFeO}_{3}\). Magnetic measurement of (\(\hbox {BiFeO}_{3})_{1-{x}}(\hbox {PbTiO}_{3})_{{x}}\) ceramics shows weak-induced ferromagnetism by substituent effects at temperature of 5 K. Low-temperature magnetic measurement under ZFC reveals an anomaly in tetragonal phase of MPB for composition \(x=0.2\) and 0.3. With respect to \(\hbox {BiFeO}_{3}\), \(\hbox {BiFeO}_{3}{-}\hbox {PbTiO}_{3}\) ceramics displays advancement in the electric polarization. Direct and indirect band gaps are modified with variation of \(\hbox {PbTiO}_{3}\) in \(\hbox {BiFeO}_{3}{-}\hbox {PbTiO}_{3}\) composites.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Eerenstein, W.; Mathur, N.D.; Scott, J.F.: Multiferroic and magnetoelectric materials. Nature 442, 759–765 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Cheong, S.W.; Mostovoy, M.: Multiferroics: a magnetic twist for ferroelectricity. Nat. Mater. 6, 13–20 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Remesh, R.; Spaldin, N.A.: Multiferroics: progress and prospects in thin films. Nat. Mater. 6, 20–28 (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  4. Shariq, M.; Kaur, D.; Chandel, V.C.: Structural, magnetic and optical properties of mulitiferroic (\(\text{ BiFeO }_{3})_{1- x}(\text{ BaTiO }_{3})_{{x}}\) solid solutions. Chin. J. Phys. 55, 2192–2198 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Panda, N.; Pattanayak, S.; Choudhary, R.N.P.: Structural and electrical properties of \(\text{ BiFeO }_{3}{-}\text{ PbTiO }_{3}\) system. J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Electron. 26, 4069–4077 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Yun, K.Y.; Noda, M.; Okuyama, M.: Prominent ferroelectricity of \(\text{ BiFeO }_{3}{-}\text{ BiFeO }_{3}\) thin films prepared by pulsed-laser deposition. Appl. Phys. Lett. 83, 3981–3984 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Comyn, T.P.; Stevenson, T.; Bell, A.J.: Piezoelectric properties of BiFeO–PbTiO ceramics. J. Phys. IV Fr. 128, 13–17 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Yun, K.Y.; Ricinschi, D.; Kanashima, T.; Noda, M.; Okuyama, M.: Giant ferroelectric polarization beyond \(150\,\upmu \text{ C }/\text{ cm }^{2}\) in \(\text{ BiFeO }_{3}\) thin film. Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 2(43), L647–648 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Li, J.; Wang, J.; Wutting, M.; Ramesh, R.; Wang, N.; Ruette, B.; Pyatakov, A.P.; Zvedin, A.K.; Viehland, D.: Dramatically enhanced polarization in (001)(001), (101)(101), and (111) (111) \(\text{ BiFeO }_{3}{-}\text{ BiFeO }_{3}\) thin films due to epitiaxial-induced transitions. Appl. Phys. Lett. 84, 5261–5263 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Zhang, S.T.; Lu, M.S.; Wu, D.; Chen, Y.F.; Ming, N.B.: Larger polarization and weak ferromagnetism in quenched ceramics with a distorted rhombohedral crystal structure. Appl. Phys. Lett. 87, 262907–3 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Shariq, M.; Kaur, D.; Chandel, V.C.; Siddiqui, M.A.: Electrical, surface morphology and magneto-capacitance properties of Pb free multiferroic (\(\text{ BiFeO }_{3})_{1-{x}}(\text{ BaTiO }_{3})_{{x}}\) solid solutions. Acta Phys. Polon. A 127, 1679–1679 (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  12. Shariq, M.; Kaur, D.; Chandel, V.C.; Siddiqui, M.A.: Investigation on multiferroic properties of \(\text{ BiFeO }_{3}\) ceramics. Mater. Sci. Pol. 31, 471–475 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Sosnowska, I.; Loewenhaupt, M.; David, W.I.F.; Ibberson, R.: Investigation of the unusual magnetic spiral arrangement in \(\text{ BiFeO }_{3}\). Phys. B 117, 180–181 (1982)

    Google Scholar 

  14. Wang, J.; Neaton, J.B.; Zheng, H.; Nagarajan, V.; Ogale, S.B.; Liu, B.; Viehland, D.; Vaithyanathan, V.; Schlom, D.G.; Waghmare, V.U.; Spaldin, N.A.; Rabe, K.M.; Wuttig, M.; Ramesh, R.: Epitaxial \(\text{ BiFeO }_{3}\) multiferroic thin film heterostructures. Science 299, 1719–1722 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Dai, X.H.; Xu, Z.; Viehland, D.: The spontaneous relaxor to normal ferroelectric transformation in La-modified lead zirconate titanate. Philos. Mag. B 70, 33–48 (1994)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Kleemann, W.: Random-field induced antiferromagnetic, ferroelectric and structural domain states. Int. J. Mod. Phys. B 7, 2469–2507 (1993)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Wang, Y.P.; Zhou, L.; Zhang, M.F.; Chen, X.Y.; Liu, J.M.; Liu, Z.G.: Room-temperature saturated ferroelectric polarization in \(\text{ BiFeO }_{3}\text{ BiFeO }_{3}\) ceramics synthesized by rapid liquid phase sintering. Appl. Phys. Lett. 84, 1731–1733 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Behera, C.; Choudhary, R.N.P.; Das, P.R.: Structural and electrical properties of La-modified \(\text{ BiFeO }_{3}{-}\text{ BaTiO }_{3}\) composites. J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Electron. 25, 2086–2095 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Wu, Y.J.; Chen, X.K.; Zhang, J.; Chen, X.J.: Magnetic enhancement across a ferroelectric-antiferroelectric phase boundary in \(\text{ Bi }_{1-{x}}\text{ Nd }_{{x}}\text{ FeO }_{3}\). J. Appl. Phys. 111, 053927-5 (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  20. Kawae, T.; Terauchi, Y.; Tsuda, H.; Kumeda, M.: Improved leakage and ferroelectric properties of Mn and Ti codoped thin films. Appl. Phys. Lett. 94, 112904–3 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Wu, M.S.; Huang, Z.B.; Han, C.X.; Yuan, S.L.; Lu, C.L.; Xia, S.C.: Enhanced multiferroic properties of \(\text{ BiFeO }_{3}\) ceramics by Ba and high-valence Nb co-doping. Solid State Commun. 152, 2142–2146 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Sakamoto, W.H.; Yamazaki, W.H.; Iwata, A.; Shimura, T.; Yogo, T.: Synthesis and characterization of \(\text{ BiFeO }_{3}{-}\text{ PbTiO }_{3}\) thin films through metalorganic precursor solution. Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 45, 7315–7320 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Pradhan, S.K.; Das, S.N.; Bhuyan, S.; Behera, C.; Padhee, R.; Choudhary, R.N.P.: Structural, dielectric and impedance characteristics of lanthanum-modified \(\text{ BiFeO }_{3}{-}\text{ PbTiO }_{3}\) electronic system. Appl. Phys. A 122, 604–9 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Pradhan, S.K.; Das, S.N.; Bhuyan, S.; Behera, C.; Choudhary, R.N.P.: Structural and electrical properties of lead reduced lanthanum modified \(\text{ BiFeO }_{3}{-}\text{ PbTiO }_{3}\) solid solution. J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Electron. 28, 1186–1198 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Burnett, T.L.; Comyn, T.P.; Bell, A.J.: Flux growth of \(\text{ BiFeO }_{3}{-}\text{ PbTiO }_{3}\) single crystals. J. Cryst. Growth 258, 156–161 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. PCPDFWIN: International Centre for Diffraction Data, 12 Campus Blvd., Newtown Square PA 19073-3273 U.S.A

  27. Naheda, B.; Cox, D.E.; Shirane, G.; Gonzala, J.A.; Cross, L.E.; Park, S.E.: A monoclinic ferroelectric phase in the \(\text{ Pb }(\text{ Zr }_{1-{x}}\text{ Ti }_{{x}})\text{ O }_{3}\) solid solution. Appl. Phys. Lett. 74, 2059–2061 (1999)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Guo, R.; Crosss, L.E.; Park, S.E.; Noheda, B.; Cox, D.E.; Shirane, G.: Origin of the high piezoelectric response in \(\text{ PbZr }_{1-{x}}\text{ Ti }_{{x}}\text{ O }_{3}\). Phys. Rev. Lett. 84, 5423–5426 (2000)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Catalan, G.; Scott, J.F.: Physics and applications of bismuth ferrite. Adv. Mater. 21, 2463–2485 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Kumar, M.M.; Srinath, S.; Kumar, G.S.; Suryanarayana, S.V.: Spontaneous magnetic moment in \(\text{ BiFeO }_{3}{-}\text{ BaTiO }_{3}\) solid solutions at low temperatures. J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 188, 203–212 (1998)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. Gehring, G.A.: On the microscopic theory of the magnetoelectric effect. Ferroelectrics 61, 275–285 (1994)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Chen, D.H.; Chen, Y.Y.: Synthesis of barium ferrite ultrafine particles by coprecipitation in the presence of polyacrylic acid. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 235, 9–14 (2001)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. Smolenskiĭ, G.A.; Chupis, I.E.: Ferroelectromagnets. Sov. Phys. Uspekhi 25, 475–493 (1982)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. Zhu, W.M.; Guo, H.Y.; Ye, Z.G.: Structural and magnetic characterization of multiferroic (\(\text{ BiFeO }_{3})_{1-{x}}\) (\(\text{ PbTiO }_{3})_{{x}}\) solid solutions. Phys. Rev. B 78, 014401–10 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. Zhu, W.M.; Guo, H.Y.; Ye, Z.G.: Structure and properties of multiferroic \((1-x)\text{ BiFeO }_{3}\) \(x\text{ PbTiO }_{3}\) single crystals. J. Mater. Res. 22, 2136–2143 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. Das, S.R.; Choudhary, R.N.P.; Bhattacharya Katiyara, P.R.S.; Dutta, P.; Manivannan, A.; Seehra, M.S.: Structural and multiferroic properties of La-modified ceramics. J. Appl. Phys. 101, 034104–7 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  37. Sakamoto, W.; Iwata, A.; Yogo, T.: Ferroelectric properties of chemically synthesized perovskite thin films. J. Appl. Phys. 104, 104106–8 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  38. Tauc, J. (ed.): Amorphous and Liquid Semiconductor. Plenium Press, New York (1974)

    Google Scholar 

  39. Gujar, T.P.; Shinde, V.R.; Lokhande, C.D.: Nanocrystalline and highly resistive bismuth ferric oxide thin films by a simple chemical method. Mater. Chem. Phys. 103, 142–146 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  40. Fruth, V.; Tenea, E.; Gartner, M.; Anastasescu, M.; Berger, D.; Ramer, R.; Zaharescu, M.: Preparation of \(\text{ BiFeO }_{3}\) films by wet chemical method and their characterization. J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 27, 937–940 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  41. Ihlefeld, J.F.; Podraza, N.J.; Liu, Z.K.; RaiR, C.; Xu, X.; Heeg, T.; Chen, Y.B.; Li, J.; Collins, R.W.; Musfeldt, J.L.; Pan, X.Q.; Schubert, J.; Ramesh, R.; Schlom, D.G.: Optical band gap of grown by molecular-beam epitaxy. Appl. Phys. Lett. 92, 142908–3 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  42. Xu, Y.; Shen, M.: Structure and optical properties of nanocrystalline \(\text{ BiFeO }_{3}\) films prepared by chemical solution deposition. Mater. Lett. 62, 3600–3602 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  43. Clark, S.J.; Robertson, J.: Band gap and Schottky barrier heights of multiferroic \(\text{ BiFeO }_{3}\). Appl. Phys. Lett. 90, 132903–3 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  44. Catalan, G.; Scott, J.F.: Physics and applications of bismuth ferrite. Adv. Mater. 21, 2463–2485 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  45. Liu, K.; Fan, H.; Ren, P.; Yang, C.: Structural, electronic and optical properties of BiFeO3 studied by first-principles. J. Alloys Compd. 509, 1901–1905 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  46. Chena, Y.; Zhoua, X.; Zhaoa, X.; Hea, X.; Gub, X.: Crystallite structure, surface morphology and optical properties of \(\text{ In }_{2}\text{ O }_{3}{-}\text{ TiO }_{2}\) composite thin films by sol-gel method. Mater. Sci. Eng. B 151, 179–186 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics, Faculty of science, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia

    Mohammad Shariq & Sasi Florence

  2. Functional Nanomaterials Research Laboratory, Department of Physics and Centre of Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, 247667, India

    Davinder Kaur

  3. Department of Applied Science and Humanities, Rajkiye Engineering College, Ambedkar Nagar, UP, India

    Vishal Singh Chandel

  4. Swami Keshvanand Institute of Technology, Management and Gramothan, Jaipur, India

    Praveen K. Jain

  5. Centre for Environmental Research and Studies, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia

    Mukul Sharma

  6. Department of Electrical Engineering, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia

    Shahir Hussain

Authors
  1. Mohammad Shariq
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Davinder Kaur
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Vishal Singh Chandel
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Praveen K. Jain
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Sasi Florence
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Mukul Sharma
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Shahir Hussain
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Mohammad Shariq.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Shariq, M., Kaur, D., Chandel, V.S. et al. Study of Structural, Magnetic and Optical Properties of \(\hbox {BiFeO}_{3}{-}\hbox {PbTiO}_{3}\) Multiferroic Composites. Arab J Sci Eng 44, 613–621 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13369-018-3543-1

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13369-018-3543-1

Keywords

Search

Navigation