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Efficient in vitro regeneration of the endangered species Artemisia arborescens L. through direct organogenesis and impact on secondary metabolites production

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Abstract

Tree wormwood (Artemisia arborescens L.; family Asteraceae) is an endangered medicinal and ornamental plant with industrial and ecological potentials. Here, we report an efficient micropropagation method for the in vitro regeneration of this species. Initiation culture was established from nodal segments in basic Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium. Shoot induction and elongation were assessed in MS medium supplemented with different concentrations of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP; 0–1.5 mg/L) in combination with indole 3-acetic acid (IAA; 0–0.4 mg/L). The growth regulators combination of 0.5 mg/L BAP + 0.1 mg/L IAA gave the best result with a 100% shoot induction rate and morphologically stable vitroplants without callogenesis. The half-strength MS medium supplemented with 1 mg/L indole 3-butyric acid (IBA) resulted in the highest rooting rate, the maximum root number, and the highest root length. Rooted plantlets were successfully acclimatized with a 70% survival rate. The phytochemical analyses revealed enhanced total phenolic and flavonoid contents in the micropropagated plants compared to the mother plant. However, no significant fluctuations were recorded for the condensed tannins and essential oil contents between the micropropagated plants and the mother plant. The GC-MS analysis revealed that, except for some minor compounds which showed significant variation between the in vitro regenerated plants and the mother plant, contents of the main essential oil components were unchanged. This simple and rapid in vitro regeneration protocol through direct organogenesis could be applied both for ex situ and in situ conservation programs and for the sustainable production of tree wormwood bioactive phytochemicals.

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Acknowledgements

The authors acknowledge the financial support from the Tunisian Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research in the ambit of the laboratory LR11ES31 project “Biomolecules with therapeutic and industrial interests”.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bio-Geo Resources Valorization BVBGR-LR11ES31, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Sidi Thabet, University of Manouba, Ariana, 2020, Tunisia

    Leila Riahi, Fedoua Ben Rejeb, Ahmed Slaheddine Masmoudi & Ameur Cherif

  2. Laboratoire d’Appui à la Durabilité des Systèmes de Production Agricole, Université de Jendouba, École Supérieure d’Agriculture du Kef, Route Dahmani Boulifa, Le Kef, 7119, Tunisia

    Hnia Chograni & Fedoua Ben Rejeb

  3. Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology and Valorisation of Medicinal Phytoresources, National Institute of Applied Science and Technology, University of Carthage, Tunis, 1080, Tunisia

    Hnia Chograni

  4. Laboratory of Materials, Molecules and Applications, Preparatory Institute of Scientific and Technical Studies, University of Carthage, La Marsa, 1054, Tunisia

    Meriam Ben Romdhane

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  1. Leila Riahi
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  2. Hnia Chograni
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  3. Fedoua Ben Rejeb
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  4. Meriam Ben Romdhane
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  5. Ahmed Slaheddine Masmoudi
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  6. Ameur Cherif
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Contributions

Leila Riahi: Conceptualization, Investigation, Methodology, Formal analysis, Writing original draft and Review. Hnia Chograni: Investigation, Methodology, Resources, Writing and Review. Fedoua Ben Rejeb: Investigation, Methodology, Resources, Writing and Review. Meriam Ben Romdhane: Formal analysis, Resources, Writing and Review. Ahmed Slaheddine Masmoudi: Supervision, Resources, Writing, Review and Editing. Ameur Cherif: Supervision, Validation, Writing, Review and Editing.

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Correspondence to Leila Riahi.

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Communicated by Sanghyun Lee.

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Riahi, L., Chograni, H., Ben Rejeb, F. et al. Efficient in vitro regeneration of the endangered species Artemisia arborescens L. through direct organogenesis and impact on secondary metabolites production. Hortic. Environ. Biotechnol. 63, 439–450 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13580-021-00400-8

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