Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Organic solventless dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction based on deep eutectic solvents as extraction and dispersive solvents; application for the extraction of Co(II) and Ni(II) ions from water and juice samples

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Journal of the Iranian Chemical Society Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

A simple, efficient, green, and organic solventless dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction procedure was developed to determine Co(II) and Ni(II) ions in water and fruit juice samples by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. In this study, for the first time, both of dispersive and extraction solvents of the method are deep eutectic solvents. Therefore, it is performed without using any organic solvent. The dispersive solvent is composed of choline chloride and butyric acid at a molar ratio of 1:2. The solvent prepared from a mixture of choline chloride and phenylacetic acid at a molar ratio of 1:2 is acted as an extraction solvent. Effect of various analytical parameters such as constituents and molar ratios of dispersive and extraction solvents, volume of the synthesized solvents, temperature, ionic strength, and pH of sample solution on extraction efficiency of the method were investigated and optimized. After optimization of the method, good linearity in the ranges of 0.29–40 μg L−1 and 0.5–40 μg L−1 with coefficients of determination of 0.9919 and 0.9976 was obtained for Co(II) and Ni(II), respectively. Low limits of detection were obtained for Co(II) and Ni(II) (0.10 and 0.17 μg L−1, respectively). The extraction recoveries of the analytes were 95.4% and 92.8% for Co(II) and Ni(II), respectively. To investigate validity of the method, SPS-WW2 as a certificate reference material was analyzed with the proposed method. Finally, the method was successfully applied to determine Co(II) and Ni(II) ions in different water and fruit juice samples.

Graphical abstract

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6

Similar content being viewed by others

Abbreviations

ChCl:

Choline chloride

CRM:

Certified reference material

DES:

Deep eutectic solvent

DLLME:

Dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction

ER:

Extraction recovery

FAAS:

Flame atomic absorption spectrometry

HBA:

Hydrogen bond acceptor

HBD:

Hydrogen bond donor

LOD:

Limit of detection

LOQ:

Limit of quantification

RSD:

Relative standard deviation

SDDTC:

Sodium diethyldithiocarbamate

References

  1. U. Villanueva, J.C. Raposo, J.M. Madariaga, Microchem. J. 106, 107 (2013)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. M.C. Yebra, S. Cancela, R.M. Cespon, Food Chem. 108, 774 (2008)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. M.S. Dundar, C. Caner, F. Kaptan, H. Altundag, Atom. Spectrosc. 37, 178 (2016)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. S.H. Ford, A. Nichols, J.M. Gallery, J. Chromatogr. A 536, 185 (1991)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. M.A. Bernard, P.A. Nakonezny, T.M. Kashner, J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. 46, 1199 (1998)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. H. Deng, C. Zheng, L. Liu, L. Wu, X. Hou, Y. Lv, Microchem. J. 96, 277 (2010)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. J. Chen, K.C. Teo, Anal. Chim. Acta 434, 325 (2001)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Q. Han, Y. Huo, L. Yang, T. Hao, X. Yanga, Y. Zhai, Anal. Methods 7, 8931 (2015)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. D.G. Filatova, V.V. Eskina, V.B. Baranovskaya, S.A. Vladimirova, A.M. Gaskov, M.N. Rumyantseva, Y.A. Karpov, Spectrochim. Acta B 140, 1 (2018)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. T. Dasbasi, C. Soykan and A. Ülgen, Int. J. Environ. Anal. Chem. (2020)

  11. A.A. Gouda, R.E. Sheikh, A.O. Youssef, N. Gouda, W. Gamil, H.A. Khadrajy, Int. J. Environ. Anal. Chem. (2020)

  12. EPh. Galay, R.V. Dorogin, A. Temerdashev, Heliyon 7, e06046 (2021)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. K. Sreenivasa Rao, T. Balaji, T. Prasada Rao, Y. Babu, G.R.K. Naidu, Spectrochim. Acta B 57, 1333 (2002)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. E. Bozorgzadeh, A. Pasdaran, H. Ebrahimi-Najafabadi, Food Chem. 346, 128916 (2021)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. H. Ebrahimi-Najafabadi, A. Pasdaran, R. Rezaei, Bezenjani, E. Bozorgzadeh, Food Chem. 289, 26 (2019)

  16. X. Jia, J. Zhao, J. Wang, H. Ren, Z. Hong, K. Wu, Anal. Methods 13, 2504 (2021)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. M.E. Shaheen, W. Tawfik, A.F. Mankoula, J.E. Gagnon, B.J. Fryer, F. El-Mekawy, Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. 28, 36039 (2021)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. S. Didukh-Shadrina, V. Losev, S. Metelitsa, A. Trofimchuk, O. Zaporozhets, Int. J. Environ. Anal. Chem. (2020)

  19. Ch. Zeng, Y. Jia, Y. Lee, X. Hou, L. Wu, Microchem. J. 104, 33 (2012)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Ch. Zhang, Y. Li, P. Wu, X.P. Yan, Anal. Chim. Acta 652, 143 (2009)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. A. Łukomska, A. Wiśniewska, Z. Dąbrowski, U. Domańska, J. Mol. Liq. 307, 112955 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. V.T. Nguyen, JCh. Lee, J. Jeong, B.S. Kim, B.D. Pandey, Met. Mater. Int. 20, 357 (2014)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. A.A. Gouda, Int. J. Environ. Anal. Chem. 94, 1210 (2014)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. K. Seval, A. Akdoğan, Int. J. Environ. Anal. Chem. (2020)

  25. F. Shajarat, K. Ghanemi, M. Alimoradi, M. Ramezani, Int. J. Environ. Anal. Chem. (2021)

  26. P.V. Racheva, N.P. Milcheva, F. Genc, K.B. Gavazov, Spectrochim. Acta A 262, 120106 (2021)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. A.S. Gugushe, A. Mpupa, Ph.N. Nomngongo, Microchem. J. 149, 103960 (2019)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Ph. Sricharoen, N. Limchoowong, Y. Areerob, P. Nuengmatcha, S. Techawongstien, S. Chanthai, Ultrason. Sonochem. 37, 83 (2017)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. M.A. Farajzadeh, A. Yadeghari, J. Ind. Eng. Chem. 59, 377 (2018)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Sh. Chen, J. Yan, J. Li, D. Lu, Microchem. J. 147, 232 (2019)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. S. Akbarzade, M. Chamsaz, G.H. Rounaghi, Anal. Methods 10, 2081 (2018)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. H. Shirkhanloo, Z. Karamzadeh, J. Rakhtshah, N.M. Kazemi, J. Pharm. Biomed. 172, 285 (2019)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. W.A. Khan, M.B. Arain, M. Soylak, Food Chem. Toxicol. 145, 111704 (2020)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. H. Ebrahimi-Najafabadi, A. Pasdaran, R. Rezaei Bezenjani, E. Bozorgzadeh, Food Chem. 289, 26 (2019)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. A. Shahvar, D. Shamsaei, M. Saraji, N. Arab, Sh. Alijani, Microchem. J. 160, 105655 (2021)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. A.A. Gouda, A.M. Alshehri, R. El Sheikh, W.S. Hassan, S.H. Ibrahim, Microchem. J. 157, 105108 (2020)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. V.J. Ferreira, M.S. de Jesus, M.C. dos Santos, W.N. Guedes, V.A. Lemos, C.G. Novaes, F.S. Costa, C.S.V. Pacheco, E.G.P. da Silva, F.A.C. Amorim, Anal. Methods 13, 267 (2021)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. M.K.L. Silva, I. Cesarino, Int. J. Environ. Anal. Chem. 1 (2020)

  39. T. Okhravi, S.M. Sorouraddin, M.A. Farajzadeh, A. Mohebbi, Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 412, 1675 (2020)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. S.M. Sorouraddina, M.A. Farajzadeh, T. Okhravi, Talanta 175, 359 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  41. J.S. Almeida, L.A. Meira, A.D.S. Nascimento, G.L. Santos, V.A. Lemos, L.S.G. Teixeira, Food Anal. Methods 14, 596 (2021)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  42. S.M. Sorouraddina, M.A. Farajzadeh, H. Dastoori, Talanta 208, 120485 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  43. M. Sajid, M. Asif, I. Ihsanullah, Microchem. J. 169, 106565 (2021)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. S. Vakilzadeh, M. Eftekhari, M. Chamsaz, F. Javedani-Asleh, Anal. Methods 7, 7653 (2015)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. M. Rezaee, Y. Assadi, M.R. Milani Hosseini, E. Aghaee, F. Ahmadi, S. Berijani, J. Chromatogr. A 1116, 1 (2006)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. Y. Pourbakhshi, M. Heidari, E. Yahaei, S. Ghiyasi, H. Ebrahimi-Najafabadi, E. Bozorgzadeh, J. Anal. Chem. 76, 714 (2021)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. N. Altunay, A. Elik, R. Gürkan, Microchem. J. 147, 49 (2019)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. X. Wang, J. Chen, Y. Zhou, L. Wang, Toxicol. Lett. 229, S132 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  49. A.F. Erulaş, M. Şaylan, S. Topal, B.T. Zaman, E.G. Bakırdere, S. Bakırdere, J. Food Compos. Anal. 94, 103623 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  50. S.M. Sorouraddin, M.A. Farajzadeh, T. Okhravi, J. Food Compos. Anal. 93, 103590 (2020)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  51. A.K. El-Deen, K. Shimizu, Microchem. J. 149, 103988 (2019)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  52. B. Herce-Sesa, J.A. López-López, C. Moreno, Trends Anal. Chem. 143, 116398 (2021)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  53. I.V. Pletnev, S.V. Smirnova, N.V. Shvedene, J. Anal. Chem. 74, 625 (2019)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  54. Y. Hui, Ch. Xiong, Ch. Bian, Sh. Gui, J. Tong, Y. Li, Ch. Gao, Y. Huang, W.C. Tang, Sh. Xia, Anal. Methods 11, 2669 (2019)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  55. N. Altunay, M. Tuzen, Food Chem. 364, 130371 (2021)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  56. N. Altunay, A. Elik, R. Gürkan, Microchem. J. 147, 277 (2019)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  57. A. Shishov, A. Bulatov, M. Locatelli, S. Carradori, V. Andruch, Microchem. J. 135, 33 (2017)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  58. B. Tang, H. Zhang, K.H. Row, J. Sep. Sci. 38, 1053 (2015)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  59. X. Di, X. Zhao, X. Guo, J. Sep. Sci. 43, 3129 (2020)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  60. M. Momotko, J. Łuczak, A. Przyjazny, G. Boczkaj, J. Chromatogr. A 1676, 463238 (2022)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  61. M. Momotko, J. Łuczak, A. Przyjazny, G. Boczkaj, J. Chromatogr. A 1635, 461701 (2021)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  62. R. Castro-Muñoz, A. Msahel, F. Galiano, M. Serocki, J. Rylan, S.B. Hamouda, A. Hafiane, G. Boczkaj, Al. Figoli, Sep. Pur. Tech. 281, 119979 (2022)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  63. M. Soylak, F. Uzcan, J. Iran. Chem. Soc. 17, 461 (2020)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  64. A. Dalmaz, S. Sivrikaya Özak, J. Iran. Chem. Soc. 19, 2359 (2022)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  65. N. Altunay, A. Elik, M.F. Lanjwani, M. Tuzen, Microchem. J. 179, 107541 (2022)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  66. H. Ul Haq, R. Bibi, M.B. Arain, F. Safi, S. Ullah, R. Castro-Muñoz, G. Boczkaj, Food Chem. 379, 132085 (2022)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  67. S.M. Sorouraddin, M.A. Farajzadeh, A. Hassanyani, M.R. Afshar Mogaddam, RSC Adv. 6, 108603 (2016)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  68. M. Soylak, M. Koksal, Microchem. J. 147, 832 (2019)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  69. S. Kumar, A. Balouch, E. Alveroğlu, M.S. Jagirani, Abdullah, M.A. Mughal and D. Mal Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. 28, 40022 (2021)

  70. S.M. Sorouraddin, M.A. Farajzadeh, M. Ghorbani, J. Iran. Chem. Soc. 15, 201 (2018)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  71. B. Zawisza, A. Baranik, E. Malicka, E. Talik, R. Sitko, Microchim. Acta 183, 231 (2016)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  72. M.H. Kojidi, A. Aliakbar, Environ. Monit. Assess. 191, 145 (2019)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  73. Ç. Arpa, I. Arıdaşır, Food Chem. 284, 16 (2019)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  74. N. Altunay, A. Elik, C. Bulutlu, R. Gürkan, Int. J. Environ. Anal. Chem. 98, 655 (2018)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  75. R. Rahnama, M. Najafi, Environ. Monit. Assess. 188, 150 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  76. A. Habibiyan, M. Ezoddin, N. Lamei, K. Abdi, M. Amini, M. Ghazi-khansari, J. Mol. Liq. 242, 492 (2017)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  77. M.B. Arain, E. Yilmaz, M. Soylak, J. Mol. Liq. 224, 538 (2016)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  78. F. Elahi, M.B. Arain, W.A. Khan, H.U. Haq, A. Khan, F. Jan, R. Castro-Munoz, G. Boczkaj, Food Chem. 393, 133384 (2022)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran

    Pariya Ali Mohammadzadeh Baghaei, Saeed Mohammad Sorouraddin & Mir Ali Farajzadeh

  2. Engineering Faculty, Near East University, Nicosia, Mersin 10, North Cyprus, 99138, Turkey

    Mir Ali Farajzadeh

  3. Food and Drug Safety Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran

    Mohammad Reza Afshar Mogaddam

  4. Pharmaceutical Analysis Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran

    Mohammad Reza Afshar Mogaddam

Authors
  1. Pariya Ali Mohammadzadeh Baghaei
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Saeed Mohammad Sorouraddin
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Mir Ali Farajzadeh
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Mohammad Reza Afshar Mogaddam
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Saeed Mohammad Sorouraddin.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest.

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Ali Mohammadzadeh Baghaei, P., Sorouraddin, S.M., Farajzadeh, M.A. et al. Organic solventless dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction based on deep eutectic solvents as extraction and dispersive solvents; application for the extraction of Co(II) and Ni(II) ions from water and juice samples. J IRAN CHEM SOC 20, 339–349 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13738-022-02662-0

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13738-022-02662-0

Keywords

Search

Navigation