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Invasive Haemophilus influenzae disease among adults in Japan during 2014–2018

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Abstract

Purpose

We describe the epidemiology of invasive Haemophilus influenzae disease (IHD) among adults in Japan.

Methods

Data for 200 adult IHD patients in 2014–2018 were analyzed. The capsular type of H. influenzae was determined by bacterial agglutination and polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) was identified by PCR.

Results

The annual incidence of IHD (cases per 100,000 population) was 0.12 for age 15–64 years and 0.88 for age ≥ 65 years in 2018. The median age was 77 years, and 73.5% were aged ≥ 65 years. About one-fourth of patients were associated with immunocompromising condition. The major presentations were pneumonia, followed by bacteremia, meningitis and other than pneumonia or meningitis (other diseases). The case fatality rate (CFR) was 21.2% for all cases, and was significantly higher in the ≥ 65-year group (26.1%) than in the 15–64-year group (7.5%) (p = 0.013). The percentage of cases with pneumonia was significantly higher in the ≥ 65-year group than in the 15–64-year group (p < 0.001). The percentage of cases with bacteremia was significantly higher in the 15–64-year group than in the ≥ 65-year group (p = 0.027). Of 200 isolates, 190 (95.0%) were NTHi strains, and the other strains were encapsulated strains. 71 (35.5%) were resistant to ampicillin, but all were susceptible to ceftriaxone.

Conclusion

The clinical presentations of adult IHD patients varied widely; about three-fourths of patients were age ≥ 65 years and their CFR was high. Our findings support preventing strategies for IHD among older adults, including the development of NTHi vaccine.

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Acknowledgements

We sincerely thank the staff of the local public health centers who collected bacterial isolates and case report forms from the hospitals and the staff of the public health institutes and laboratories who worked for the Adult IHD Study Group (https://www.nih.go.jp/niid/ja/ibi.html). In addition to the authors, the following investigators and institutions participated in the Adult IPD Study Group: Akihito Yokoyama of Kochi Medical School, Kochi University; Hiroki Takahashi of Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine; Hiroaki Takeda of Yamagata Saiseikai Hospital; Chikako Tsubata of Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences; Masayuki Ishida of Chikamori Hospital; Masashi Nakamatsu of University of the Ryukus; Masahiro Satou of Hokkaido Institute of Public Health; Yu Suzuki, Junji Seto, and Kazue Yahagi of Yamagata Prefectural Institute of Public Health; Satoru Yamazaki and Emiko Kumakura of Health and Sanitation Department of Niigata City; Yuhki Nagai and Sagako Naraya of Department of Health and Welfare, Mie Prefecture Health and Environment Research Institute; Mie Uchida, Junko Tanabe, Miyuki Saeki, and Takako Yoshida of Nara Prefecture Health and Environmental Institute; Akihiko Tokaji of The Public Health Institute of Kochi Prefecture; Hiroaki Shigemura, Fuyuki Okamoto, and Nobuyuki Sera of Fukuoka Institute of Health and Environmental Science; Mutsuyo Gokuden of Center for Environment and Health, Kagoshima Prefecture; Jun Kudaka of Okinawa Prefectural Institute of Health and Environment; Junko Isobe and Junichi Kanatani of Department of Bacteriology, Toyama Institute of Health.

Funding

This work was supported by Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare HA Program Grant Number JPMH19HA1005.

Author information

Author notes

  1. Yushi Hachisu, Kosuke Tamura, Koichi Murakami contributed equally to this article.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Chiba Prefectural Institute of Public Health, Chiba, Japan

    Yushi Hachisu

  2. Field Epidemiology Training Program, Infectious Diseases Surveillance Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan

    Yushi Hachisu, Chiaki Ikenoue & Munehisa Fukusumi

  3. Toyama Institute of Health, 17-1, Nakataikouyama, Imizu, Toyama, 939-0363, Japan

    Kosuke Tamura, Masahiko Nakamura & Kazunori Oishi

  4. Center for Emergency Preparedness and Response, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan

    Koichi Murakami & Shinichiro Hirai

  5. Department of Infectious, Respiratory, and Digestive Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan

    Jiro Fujita

  6. Department of Infection Control and Prevention, Kurume University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan

    Hiroshi Watanabe

  7. Department of Respiratory Medicine, Niigata Prefectural Shibata Hospital, Niigata, Japan

    Yoshinari Tanabe

  8. Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Hokkaido, Japan

    Koji Kuronuma

  9. Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kochi, Japan

    Tetsuya Kubota

  10. Department of Infectious Diseases, Tohoku University Hospital, Miyagi, Japan

    Kengo Oshima

  11. Mie Prefectural Ichishi Hospital, Mie, Japan

    Takaya Maruyama

  12. Center for Infectious Diseases, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan

    Kei Kasahara

  13. Department of Microbiology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan

    Junichiro Nishi

  14. Department of Infectious Disease and Infection Control, Yamagata Prefectural Central Hospital, Yamagata, Japan

    Shuichi Abe

  15. Department of Bacteriology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan

    Mayumi Kubota

  16. Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Takasaki University of Health and Welfare, Takasaki, Japan

    Taisei Ishioka

  17. Center for Field Epidemic Intelligence, Research and Professional Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan

    Chiaki Ikenoue, Munehisa Fukusumi & Tomimasa Sunagawa

  18. Center for Surveillance, Immunization, and Epidemiologic Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan

    Motoi Suzuki

  19. Department of Bacteriology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan

    Yukihiro Akeda

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  1. Yushi Hachisu
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  2. Kosuke Tamura
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Consortia

the Adult IHD Study Group

  • Akihito Yokoyama
  • , Hiroki Takahashi
  • , Hiroaki Takeda
  • , Chikako Tsubata
  • , Masayuki Ishida
  • , Masashi Nakamatsu
  • , Masahiro Satou
  • , Yu Suzuki
  • , Junji Seto
  • , Kazue Yahagi
  • , Satoru Yamazaki
  • , Emiko Kumakura
  • , Yuhki Nagai
  • , Sagako Naraya
  • , Mie Uchida
  • , Junko Tanabe
  • , Miyuki Saeki
  • , Takako Yoshida
  • , Akihiko Tokaji
  • , Hiroaki Shigemura
  • , Fuyuki Okamoto
  • , Nobuyuki Sera
  • , Mutsuyo Gokuden
  • , Jun Kudaka
  • , Junko Isobe
  •  & Junichi Kanatani

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Kazunori Oishi.

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The authors have no financial interests relevant to this article to disclose.

Ethical approval

This study was reviewed and approved by the Medical Research Ethics Committee of NIID for the Use of Medical Subjects (no. 707) and was conducted in accordance with the principles expressed in the Declaration of Helsinki. The need for informed consent was waived because the data did not contain any patient identifiers and all samples were taken as part of standard patient care.

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Hachisu, Y., Tamura, K., Murakami, K. et al. Invasive Haemophilus influenzae disease among adults in Japan during 2014–2018. Infection 51, 355–364 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s15010-022-01885-w

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