Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

The association between weight maintenance and session-by-session diet adherence, weight loss and weight-loss satisfaction

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Objective

The aim of this study was to assess the association between weight-loss maintenance and weight-loss satisfaction, adherence to diet and weight loss, all measured session-by-session during the weight-loss phase of cognitive behavioral therapy.

Methods

The present exploratory study examined a subgroup of fifty-eight patients who participated in a randomized controlled trial and who lost at least the 10% of their baseline weight. Patients were grouped into weight-loss ‘Maintainers’ (i.e., those who maintained a weight loss of ≥ 10% of baseline body weight at 6 months after the weight-loss phase) and ‘Regainers’ (i.e., those who did not maintain > 10% weight loss at 6 months after the weight-loss phase). Body weight, adherence to diet and weight-loss satisfaction were measured session-by-session during the weight-loss phase.

Results

Thirteen patients (22.4%) were classified as ‘Regainers’, and 45 (77.6%) as ‘Maintainers’. Compared to ‘Maintainers’, ‘Regainers’ had a lower adherence to diet after the initial 11 weeks, and a progressively declining weight loss and weight-loss satisfaction from week 15 or 19 of the weight-loss phase. 11-week dietary adherence and 15-week weight loss were significantly associated with weight maintenance. Similar results were obtained using the amount of weight change as dependent variable.

Conclusions

Adherence to diet, weight loss and weight-loss satisfaction, measured during the late weight-loss phase, are associated with weight-loss maintenance.

Level of evidence

Level III, evidence obtained from well-designed cohort or case–control analytical studies.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Johns DJ, Hartmann-Boyce J, Jebb SA, Aveyard P, Behavioural Weight Management Review G (2014) Diet or exercise interventions vs combined behavioral weight management programs: a systematic review and meta-analysis of direct comparisons. J Acad Nutr Diet 114(10):1557–1568. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jand.2014.07.005

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  2. Patel D (2015) Pharmacotherapy for the management of obesity. Metabolism 64(11):1376–1385. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.metabol.2015.08.001

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Weiss EC, Galuska DA, Kettel Khan L, Gillespie C, Serdula MK (2007) Weight regain in US adults who experienced substantial weight loss, 1999–2002. Am J Prev Med 33(1):34–40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2007.02.040

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Wadden TA, Butryn ML, Byrne KJ (2004) Efficacy of lifestyle modification for long-term weight control. Obes Res 12:151S–162S. https://doi.org/10.1038/oby.2004.282

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Dombrowski SU, Knittle K, Avenell A, Araujo-Soares V, Sniehotta FF (2014) Long term maintenance of weight loss with non-surgical interventions in obese adults: systematic review and meta-analyses of randomised controlled trials. BMJ 348:g2646. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.g2646

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  6. Teixeira PJ, Carraca EV, Marques MM, Rutter H, Oppert JM, De Bourdeaudhuij I, Lakerveld J, Brug J (2015) Successful behavior change in obesity interventions in adults: a systematic review of self-regulation mediators. BMC Med 13:84. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-015-0323-6

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  7. Finch EA, Linde JA, Jeffery RW, Rothman AJ, King CM, Levy RL (2005) The effects of outcome expectations and satisfaction on weight loss and maintenance: correlational and experimental analyses—a randomized trial. Health Psychol 24(6):608–616. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-6133.24.6.608

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Foster GD, Phelan S, Wadden TA, Gill D, Ermold J, Didie E (2004) Promoting more modest weight losses: a pilot study. Obes Res 12(8):1271–1277. https://doi.org/10.1038/oby.2004.161

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Calugi S, Marchesini G, El Ghoch M, Gavasso I, Dalle Grave R (2017) The influence of weight-loss expectations on weight loss and of weight-loss satisfaction on weight maintenance in severe obesity. J Acad Nutr Diet 117(1):32–38. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jand.2016.09.001

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Neiberg RH, Wing RR, Bray GA, Reboussin DM, Rickman AD, Johnson KC, Kitabchi AE, Faulconbridge LF, Kitzman DW, Espeland MA, Look ARG (2012) Patterns of weight change associated with long-term weight change and cardiovascular disease risk factors in the Look AHEAD Study. Obesity (Silver Spring) 20(10):2048–2056. https://doi.org/10.1038/oby.2012.33

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Greenberg I, Stampfer MJ, Schwarzfuchs D, Shai I, Group D (2009) Adherence and success in long-term weight loss diets: the dietary intervention randomized controlled trial (DIRECT). J Am Coll Nutr 28(2):159–168

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Williamson DA, Anton SD, Han H, Champagne CM, Allen R, Leblanc E, Ryan DH, Rood J, McManus K, Laranjo N, Carey VJ, Loria CM, Bray GA, Sacks FM (2010) Early behavioral adherence predicts short and long-term weight loss in the POUNDS LOST study. J Behav Med 33(4):305–314. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10865-010-9253-0

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  13. Baldwin AS, Rothman AJ, Jeffery RW (2009) Satisfaction with weight loss: examining the longitudinal covariation between people’s weight-loss-related outcomes and experiences and their satisfaction. Ann Behav Med 38(3):213–224. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12160-009-9148-x

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  14. Dalle Grave R, Calugi S, Gavasso I, El Ghoch M, Marchesini G (2013) A randomized trial of energy-restricted high-protein versus high-carbohydrate, low-fat diet in morbid obesity. Obesity (Silver Spring) 21(9):1774–1781. https://doi.org/10.1002/oby.20320

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. National Cholesterol Education Program Expert Panel on Detection E, Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in A (2002) Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) expert panel on detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood cholesterol in adults (Adult Treatment Panel III) final report. Circulation 106 (25):3143–3421

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Dalle Grave R (2001) Terapia cognitivo comportamentale dell’obesità. Positive Press, Verona

    Google Scholar 

  17. Brownell KD (2000) The LEARN manual for weight management. American Health Publishing, Dallas

    Google Scholar 

  18. Cooper ZF, Hawker CG (2003) Cognitive-behavioral treatment of obesity: a clinician’s guide. Guilford Press, New York

    Google Scholar 

  19. Jensen MD, Ryan DH, Apovian CM, Ard JD, Comuzzie AG, Donato KA, Hu FB, Hubbard VS, Jakicic JM, Kushner RF, Loria CM, Millen BE, Nonas CA, Pi-Sunyer FX, Stevens J, Stevens VJ, Wadden TA, Wolfe BM, Yanovski SZ, Jordan HS, Kendall KA, Lux LJ, Mentor-Marcel R, Morgan LC, Trisolini MG, Wnek J, Anderson JL, Halperin JL, Albert NM, Bozkurt B, Brindis RG, Curtis LH, DeMets D, Hochman JS, Kovacs RJ, Ohman EM, Pressler SJ, Sellke FW, Shen WK, Smith SC, Tomaselli GF, Obesity S, American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice G (2014) 2013 AHA/ACC/TOS guideline for the management of overweight and obesity in adults: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines and The Obesity Society. Circulation 129 (25 Suppl 2):S102–S138. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.cir.0000437739.71477.ee

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Wing RR, Hill JO (2001) Successful weight loss maintenance. Annu Rev Nutr 21:323–341. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.nutr.21.1.323

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Eating and Weight Disorders, Villa Garda Hospital, Via Montebaldo, 89, 37016, Garda, VR, Italy

    Simona Calugi, Marwan El Ghoch, Ilaria Gavasso & Riccardo Dalle Grave

  2. Unit of Metabolic Diseases, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, “Alma Mater Studiorum” University, Bologna, Italy

    Giulio Marchesini

Authors
  1. Simona Calugi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Giulio Marchesini
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Marwan El Ghoch
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Ilaria Gavasso
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Riccardo Dalle Grave
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Simona Calugi.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest regarding the publication of this article.

Ethical approval

The study was approved by the ethical committee of the 22-Bussolengo-Verona Local Health Unit (Study Protocol no. USL22#01/07-CEP31, approved 19/06/07).

Informed consent

Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Calugi, S., Marchesini, G., El Ghoch, M. et al. The association between weight maintenance and session-by-session diet adherence, weight loss and weight-loss satisfaction. Eat Weight Disord 25, 127–133 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40519-018-0528-8

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40519-018-0528-8

Keywords

Search

Navigation