Abstract
The overall optical efficiency of backlight-based liquid crystal displays (LCDs) is less than 5% due to the loss of backlight source by polarizers, color filter, liquid crystal layer and so on. Self-emissive light emitting diodes (LEDs) have been undergoing huge development due to their substantial market potentials to meet the demand of future display. More importantly, the polarized LEDs could enhance the energy utilization efficiency by avoiding light loss caused by polarizers. Therefore, it is desirable to look for effective methods to assemble high-quality anisotropic nanomaterial films so as to fabricate polarized LEDs with high degree of polarization and external quantum efficiency. Here, the photoelectrical properties of some semiconductor nanomaterials and their potential applications for polarized LEDs are introduced. The research progress in the field of polarized light emission from materials to films and then to LEDs is reviewed. Mechanisms of polarized emission, and different assembly strategies for polarized light emitting films and LEDs are also summarized and compared. Finally, several current challenges are discussed, and perspectives on future potential commercial application of polarized LEDs are offered. We hope this review will provide a valuable summary on current status and stimulate some new insightful ideas for future development of polarized LEDs.
摘要
由于偏光片、彩色滤光片和液晶层等结构的损耗, 基于背光源 技术的液晶显示器的整体效率不足5%. 自发射发光二极管(LED)不但 具有巨大的市场潜力, 而且能够满足未来显示的需求, 迎来了巨大的发 展机遇. 更重要的是, 由于避免了偏光片造成的光损失, 偏振LED可以 提高背景光利用效率. 因此, 亟需寻找有效的方法组装高质量的各向异 性纳米材料薄膜, 从而制备出具有高偏振度和高外量子效率的偏振 LED. 本文介绍了一些半导体纳米材料的光电特性及其在偏振LED中 的潜在应用. 综述了在偏振光发射领域从材料到薄膜, 再到LED的研究 进展; 总结和比较了构建偏振光发射薄膜和LED的不同组装策略; 最后, 讨论了当前面临的挑战, 并对偏振LED的潜在商业应用价值进行了展 望. 我们希望这篇综述能够对偏振LED当前研究进展进行有价值的总 结, 并对其未来发展激发一些新的、切实可行的想法.
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Acknowledgements
This work was supported by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement (801165), with co-funding through Science Foundation Ireland, Career Development Award (17/CDA/4733). The work was also supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (12204088, 11974069 and U21A2074), Liaoning Revitalization Talents Program (XLYC1902113), and the Science and Technology Project of Liaoning Province (2020JH2/10100012).
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Wu J, Fang G, Zhang Y and Biswas N collected and summarized the literature. Wu J wrote the original manuscript. Ji Y and Xu W developed the concept and offered creative proposal for improving the depth of the review. Dong B and Liu N supervised the project. Liu N revised the manuscript. All authors contributed to the general discussion.
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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Jinlei Wu received his PhD degree in 2021, from the College of Electrical Science and Engineering, Jilin University, China. He has been a lecturer at Dalian Minzu University since 2021. He got Marie Skłodowska-Curie COFUND Postdoctoral Fellowship and has been working as a postdoctoral researcher at the University of Limerick since 2022. His research interest mainly focuses on luminescent nanomaterials, semiconductor optoelectronic devices and plasmonic nanostructures.
Wen Xu was born and raised in Sichuan, China, and earned his BS degree from Jilin University. Then, he received his PhD degree from Jilin University in 2014 under the supervision of Professor Hongwei Song. From 2015 to 2018, he worked as a postdoctoral researcher at Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, and Japan Science Promotion Society (JSPS) postdoctoral researcher at Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan, respectively. Currently, he is a professor at Dalian Minzu University. His research interests focus on nano-luminescent materials and their applications in photoelectric devices.
Bin Dong is a professor at the School of Physics and Materials Engineering, Dalian Minzu University. He received his PhD degree from Dalian University of Technology in 2007. From 2008 to 2011, he worked as a postdoctoral researcher at the Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS). He is mainly engaged in the fundamental and application research of rare earth functional materials.
Ning Liu is a senior lecturer in nanophysics at the Department of Physics, University of Limerick. She received her BSc degree in physics from Peking University in 1999 and PhD degree in physics from the University of California at Irvine in 2005. Ning Liu has expertise in scanning probe microscopy, ultrafast pump-probe microscopy and other linear and nonlinear optical techniques. Her current research interests are in electrically pumped nanocrystal-based light emitting diodes, spin-orbit coupling of light, nanophotonics and nanoplasmonics.
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Wu, J., Fang, G., Zhang, Y. et al. Semiconductor nanomaterial-based polarized light emission: From materials to light emitting diodes. Sci. China Mater. 66, 1257–1282 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40843-022-2313-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40843-022-2313-1