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Quantum Dot Bioconjugates for Diagnostic Applications

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Abstract

Quantum dots (QDs) are a special type of engineered nanomaterials with outstanding optoelectronic properties that make them as a very promising alternative to conventional luminescent dyes in biomedical applications, including biomolecule (BM) targeting, luminescence imaging and drug delivery. A key parameter to ensure successful biomedical applications of QDs is the appropriate surface modification, i.e. the surface of the nanomaterials should be modified with the appropriate functional groups to ensure stability in aqueous solutions and it should be conjugated with recognition elements capable of ensuring an efficient tagging of the BMs of interest. In this review we summarize the most relevant strategies used for surface modification of QDs and for their conjugation to BMs in preparation of their application in nanoplatforms for luminescent BM sensing and imaging-guided targeting. The applications of conjugations of photoluminescent QDs with different BMs in both in vitro and in vivo chemical sensing, immunoassays or luminescence imaging are reviewed. Recent progress in the application of functionalized QDs in ultrasensitive detection in bioanalysis, diagnostics and imaging strategies are reported. Finally, some key future research goals in the progress of bioconjugation of QDs for diagnosis are identified, including novel synthetic approaches, the need for exhaustive characterization of bioconjugates and the design of signal amplification schemes.

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Fig. 1

Reprinted from Fernandez-Argüelles et al. [28], copyright 2010, with permission from Wiley

Fig. 2

Reprinted from [34], copyright 2012, with permission from Elsevier

Fig. 3

Reprinted with permission from Vasimalai et al. [39], copyright 2018 Beilstein-Institut

Fig. 4

Reprinted from Karakoti et al. [46], copyright 2015, with permission from Elsevier

Fig. 5

Reprinted from Kim et al. [55]

Fig. 6
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Fig. 10

Adapted from from Wen et al. [87], copyright 2017, with permission

Fig. 11

Reprinted from Han et al. [97], copyright 2001, with permission from Nature Springer

Fig. 12

Reprinted from Liu et al. [123], copyright 2018, with permission from Elsevier

Fig. 13

Reprinted with permission from Noor et al. [133], copyright 2015, with permission from Elsevier.

Fig. 14

Reprinted with permission from Kokkinos et al. [135], copyright 2018, with permission from the American Chemical Society

Fig. 15

Reprinted from Ming et al. [139], copyright 2015, with permission from the American Chemical Society

Fig. 16

Reprinted from Tang et al. [149], copyright 2017, with permission from Dove Medical Press Ltd

Fig. 17

Reprinted with permission from Allen et al. [152], copyright 2010, with permission from the American Chemical Society

Fig. 18

Reprinted from Yang et al. [159], copyright 2017, with permission from the American Chemical Society

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Acknowledgements

Financial support from the FC-GRUPIN-ID/2018/000166 project (Asturias Regional Government, Spain) and the CTQ2017–86994-R and CTQ2016–79412-P projects (MINECO, Spain) is gratefully acknowledged. A. de la Escosura-Muñiz acknowledges the MICINN (Spain) for the “Ramón y Cajal” Research Fellow (RyC-2016-20299).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. NanoBioAnalysis Group, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Oviedo, Julián Clavería 8, 33006, Oviedo, Spain

    María Díaz-González & Alfredo de la Escosura-Muñiz

  2. GEAB Research Group, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Oviedo, Avda. Julián Clavería 8, 33006, Oviedo, Spain

    Maria Teresa Fernandez-Argüelles & Jose Manuel Costa-Fernandez

  3. NanoBioAnalysis Group, Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, University of Oviedo, Avda. Julián Clavería, 8, 33006, Oviedo, Spain

    Francisco Javier García Alonso

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  1. María Díaz-González
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  2. Alfredo de la Escosura-Muñiz
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  3. Maria Teresa Fernandez-Argüelles
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  4. Francisco Javier García Alonso
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  5. Jose Manuel Costa-Fernandez
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Correspondence to Jose Manuel Costa-Fernandez.

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This article is part of the Topical Collection “Surface-modified Nanobiomaterials for Electrochemical and Biomedicine Applications”; edited by “Alain R. Puente-Santiago, Daily Rodríguez-Padrón”.

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Díaz-González, M., de la Escosura-Muñiz, A., Fernandez-Argüelles, M.T. et al. Quantum Dot Bioconjugates for Diagnostic Applications. Top Curr Chem (Z) 378, 35 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41061-020-0296-6

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