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Experimental and analytical investigation of concrete properties made with recycled coarse aggregate and bottom ash

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Abstract

The present study investigates the rebound hammer number (RHN), ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV), compressive strength, split tensile strength, and modulus of elasticity of concrete made with recycled coarse aggregate and bottom ash. The natural coarse aggregates (crushed rock aggregates) and fine aggregates (sand) are partially or fully replaced (0%, 50%, and 100%) with recycled coarse aggregates (RCA) and coal bottom ash (BA), respectively. Standard concrete specimens were then cast to determine the former properties at 28- and 90-days of curing. The experimentally obtained RCA and BA concrete properties are found comparable to conventional concrete. It has been observed that 100% RCA concrete properties at 90 days are similar to the 28 days of conventional concrete properties. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis has also been performed to examine the mechanism behind the observed properties of RCA, BA, and RCA + BA (concrete containing both RCA and BA) concrete. Based on the experimentally obtained 28-day compressive strength, UPV, and RHN values, the analytical models for predicting the compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, and static modulus of elasticity of RCA, BA, and RCA + BA concrete at any age are also proposed. The values calculated from the proposed models are in good agreement with the experiments. The present study will be helpful for the designers and engineers in practice for fixing preliminary dimensions of concrete elements made with RCA, BA, and RCA + BA concrete mixes, thus leading to sustainable concrete construction.

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Abbreviations

RCA :

Recycled coarse aggregate

BA :

Coal bottom ash

RCA + BA :

Concrete containing both RCA and BA

RHN :

Rebound hammer number

UPV :

Ultrasonic pulse velocity

SEM :

Scanning electron microscope

C&D :

Construction and demolition waste

PFA :

Pulverized fuel ash

GGBFS :

Ground granulated blast furnace slag

ITZ :

Interfacial transition zone

OPC :

Ordinary Portland cement

w/c :

Water-to-cement ratio

C-S–H :

Calcium–silicate–hydrate

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA

    Ashray Saxena

  2. TUM School of Engineering and Design, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany

    S. S. Sulaiman

  3. Department of Civil Engineering, Z.H. College of Engineering and Technology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India

    M. Shariq & M. A. Ansari

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Contributions

AS did visualization, investigation, methodology, and writing—original draft. MS performed conceptualization, software, validation, writing—reviewing and editing. SSS was involved in data curation, investigation, and writing—original draft. MAA done supervision, writing—reviewing and editing.

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Correspondence to Ashray Saxena.

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Saxena, A., Sulaiman, S.S., Shariq, M. et al. Experimental and analytical investigation of concrete properties made with recycled coarse aggregate and bottom ash. Innov. Infrastruct. Solut. 8, 197 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41062-023-01165-y

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