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Janus phenol–formaldehyde resin and periodic mesoporous organic silica nanoadsorbent for the removal of heavy metal ions and organic dyes from polluted water

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Abstract

Heavy metal ions and organic dyes are the main harmful substances in natural water bodies. At the same time, single-component treatment can be challenging to cope with the increasingly severe water pollution circumstances. In this work, Janus phenol–formaldehyde resin (PF) and periodic mesoporous organic silica (PMO) nanoparticles with an asymmetric structure are prepared, using PF microspheres as seeds and PMO for branch growth. The hydroxyl groups on the PF surface and the large specific surface area of PMO facilitate the efficient adsorption of heavy metal ions and organic dyes by utilizing chemical and physical properties, respectively. The maximum adsorption of Janus PF&PMO for Cd2+ in water reaches 17.07 mg/g. The adsorption behavior fits well with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir adsorption isotherm, suggesting monolayer and chemical adsorption as main mechanisms. Moreover, the adsorption of Janus PF&PMO for the organic dye methyl orange (MO) fits the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Freundlich adsorption isotherm model with a maximum adsorption of 98.21 mg/g, suggesting monolayer and physical adsorption as main mechanisms. Therefore, Janus PF&PMO nano-adsorbent is expected to be used effectively in sewage treatment systems.

Graphical abstract

The synthesized Janus-shaped nano-adsorbent demonstrated outstanding potentials for removing heavy metal ions and organic dye from polluted water.

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Funding

This project is financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 21071115), the Shaanxi Province Natural Science Foundation (Grant No. 2020JZ-44), the Key Laboratory of Se-enriched Products Development and Quality Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Se-enriched Food Development (Grant No. Se-2020A01), the Shaanxi Key Science and Technology Innovation Team Project (2019TD-007).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Physico-Inorganic Chemistry, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, 1 Xuefu Ave., Chang’an District, Shaanxi, 710127, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China

    Yangying Si, Jianan Li & Bin Cui

  2. Key Laboratory of Se-Enriched Products Development and Quality Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Se-Enriched Food Development, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710054, People’s Republic of China

    Dejian Tang

  3. Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region, Chang’an University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710054, People’s Republic of China

    Li Yang

  4. Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, People’s Republic of China

    Vignesh Murugadoss

  5. Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold (Zhengzhou University), Ministry of Education, National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Polymer Processing Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, People’s Republic of China

    Vignesh Murugadoss

  6. Integrated Composites Laboratory (ICL), Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA

    Vignesh Murugadoss, Srihari Maganti, Mina Huang & Zhanhu Guo

  7. Advanced Materials Division, Engineered Multifunctional Composites (EMC) Nanotech LLC, Knoxville, TN, 37934, USA

    Mina Huang

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  1. Yangying Si
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  2. Jianan Li
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  3. Bin Cui
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Correspondence to Bin Cui.

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Yangying Si and Jianan Li contributed equally to this work.

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Si, Y., Li, J., Cui, B. et al. Janus phenol–formaldehyde resin and periodic mesoporous organic silica nanoadsorbent for the removal of heavy metal ions and organic dyes from polluted water. Adv Compos Hybrid Mater 5, 1180–1195 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42114-022-00446-x

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