Oscillating flow injection stripping potentiometry

doi:10.1016/0003-2670(95)00091-D

Analytica Chimica Acta

Volume 309, Issues 1–3, 20 June 1995, Pages 293-299

https://doi.org/10.1016/0003-2670(95)00091-D Get rights and content

Abstract

A fully computerized flow injection (FI) manifold with a peristaltic pump allowing periodic alternation of the flow direction and incorporating a detector system capable of performing potentiometric stripping analysis (PSA) is outlined. The measuring technique has been named oscillating flow injection stripping potentiometry (OFISP). It combines the attractive features of both traditional flow injection analysis (FIA) and batch PSA and at the same time overcomes some of the most serious drawbacks of the latter resulting from the fact that potentiostatic deposition and chemical stripping occur in the same solution. An experimental study of the influence of the main parameters of the flow system on its behaviour was performed using Cu(II) solutions in the μg l⁻¹ concentration range as samples. The potentiostatic deposition was carried out on an Hg precoated glassy carbon electrode and Hg(II) ions were utilized as oxidant in the chemical stripping step.

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Cited by (7)

The multiple facets of flow analysis. A tutorial
2020, Analytica Chimica Acta
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Most analyzers exploit unidirectional flows, thus normally it is not necessary to mention this aspect. Some modalities involving flow reversal (e.g. SIA), alternating streams [138], oscillating streams [139] or closed loop [140] rely on bidirectional flows, and it is imperative to mention this facet in describing the related flow analyzer. A diversity of reactors, chambers, columns, filters, phase separating devices, beads, etc. have been used in the analytical path, depending on the required sample handling conditions.
The amazing development of flow analysis has led to a loss of conceptual uniformity and to the proposals of a number of modalities, each assigned to an acronym, and this aspect may hinder further developments in the field. As any sample handling step of a flow-based analytical procedure can be accomplished in different ways, there are multiple facets associated to it. This tutorial is focused on the critical evaluation of these facets and the proposal of a novel way to present the flow analyzers, disregarding or even avoiding the need for specifying flow modalities and acronyms.
Highly sensitive gas-diffusion sequential injection analysis based on flow manipulation
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The present paper describes approaches utilizing the powerful flow manipulation capabilities of sequential injection analysis (SIA) to substantially improve the efficiency of gas-diffusion separation compared to its traditional implementation in flow injection analysis (FIA). Ammonia, ethylamine, diethylamine and triethylamine were used as model analytes in this study. Eleven flow manipulation approaches involving continuous flow, stop-flow, oscillating flow, and the introduction of air bubbles to separate the sample zone from the donor solution were tested. Improvement in sensitivity compared to traditional gas-diffusion FIA exceeding one order of magnitude was achieved. It was observed that this improvement increased with the molecular size of the analyte.
Determination of copper in natural waters by batch and oscillating flow injection stripping potentiometry
1996, Analytica Chimica Acta
Copper trace analysis in natural waters rich in chloride ions and organic matter was performed by means of a copper-selective electrode (Cu-ISE), inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES), anodic stripping voltammetry (ASV), batch potentiometric stripping analysis (PSA) and oscillating flow injection stripping potentiometry (OFISP). The results obtained by the first two analytical methods showed that copper was present mainly in the form of various complexes with inorganic (mainly chloride) ions and organic ligands. The organic constituents impeded the application of ASV in the quantitative determination of labile copper concentration in the water samples mainly due to adsorption of organic matter onto the working electrode. Consistent analytical data concerning the labile fraction of copper were obtained by both batch PSA and OFISP in hydrochloric acid medium when standard addition or direct calibration were used. However, discrepancies between the batch PSA results obtained by the two calibration methods mentioned above in nitric acid medium were observed. Unlike batch PSA, OFISP appears to be versatile with respect to the sample matrix in both standard addition and direct calibration approaches. On the basis of this and the other well-known advantages of OFISP it was concluded that this analytical technique is suitable for fast and inexpensive trace heavy metal analysis in natural waters with unknown matrices.
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¹: Permanent address: Faculty of Chemistry, University of Sofia, 1 James Bourchier Ave., BG-126 Sofia, Bulgaria.

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Flow injectionOscillating flow injection stripping potentiometry

Abstract

Anal. Chim. Acta

Talanta

Anal. Chim. Acta

Anal. Chim. Acta

Anal. Chim. Acta

Anal. Chim. Acta

Talanta

Analyst

Flow injection
Oscillating flow injection stripping potentiometry