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Overview of commercial pig production systems and their main welfare challenges
2023, Advances in Pig Welfare, Second EditionLearning, health and productivity of group-housed sows conditioned to signal-feeding under realistic husbandry conditions
2022, Livestock ScienceCitation Excerpt :Keeping pigs in groups is assumed to be a fundamental requirement for these social animals (Barnett et al., 1985; Broom et al., 1995) but it also entails an increased potential for agonistic interactions (Jansen et al., 2007).
Social interaction and the thermogenic response of chicken hatchlings
2021, Physiology and BehaviorCitation Excerpt :Several examples exist from various classes of animals showing that deviations from the preferred social environment, including presence of conspecifics or isolation, modifies the individual's metabolic rate [22, 28-30, 53]. Pigs tethered individually had higher corticosteroid levels and signs of chronic stress when compared to pigs housed in groups [54]. In another study, the metabolic rate of individual rats decreased during grouping, while that of quails did not, a difference possibly contributed by the highly social nature of the rat by comparison to the non-grouping inclination of quails [55].
Overview of commercial pig production systems and their main welfare challenges
2018, Advances in Pig WelfareEffects of stage of gestation at mixing on aggression, injuries and stress in sows
2015, Applied Animal Behaviour ScienceCitation Excerpt :Strawford et al. (2008) found higher average salivary cortisol concentrations during gestation (average of 1, 2, 3, 28 and 63 days after mixing) when sows were mixed later after insemination. Care is required in interpreting cortisol differences in pregnant sows since, as Strawford and colleagues recognise, total cortisol concentrations in pregnant women and other mammals in third trimester increase throughout gestation (Barnett et al., 1985; Hay et al., 2000). Thus the comparison of the average cortisol concentrations during gestation of sows mixed at two stages of gestation by Strawford et al. (2008) may have been confounded by stage of gestation.