An excitatory amino acid projection from ventromedial hypothalamus to periaqueductal gray in the rat: Autoradiographic and electrophysiological evidence
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Identification of hypothalamic and midbrain periacqueductal grey neurones mediating aggressive and defensive behaviour by intracerebral microinjections of excitatory amino acids
Cited by (46)
Tryptophan, kynurenine, and kynurenine metabolites: Relationship to lifetime aggression and inflammatory markers in human subjects
2016, PsychoneuroendocrinologyCitation Excerpt :Activity at NMDA glutamate receptors is relevant because CSF glutamate levels are reported to correlate with measures of aggression so that subjects with high CSF glutamate levels are more aggressive than those with low CSF glutamate levels (Coccaro et al., 2013). If, based on animal studies, activation of NMDA glutamate receptors leads to aggression (Bandler 1984; Beart et al., 1998; Beitz 1989; Duncan et al., 2004; Lu et al., 1992; Schubert et al., 1996; Shaikh et al., 1994), KYNA might act to reduce aggression while QA might act to increase aggression. Finally, while less is known about the physiologic role of PA, this KYN pathway metabolite has been reported to antagonize the neurotoxic, though not the glutaminergic agonist effects of QA (Beninger et al., 1994; Cockhill et al., 1992).
Nucleobindin 1 (NUCB1) is a Golgi-resident marker of neurons
2016, NeuroscienceCitation Excerpt :In contrast, glial cells labeled with antisera against MBP (to identify oligodendrocytes; Kornguth and Anderson, 1965; not shown) or GFAP (to identify astrocytes; Bignami et al., 1972; Fig. 4) displayed no NUCB1-IR. The investigation of the distribution of NUCB1-immunoreactive cell bodies (above) revealed that staining for the protein is observed both in glutamatergic (such as cerebrocortical pyramidal cells and the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus; Parnavelas et al., 1989; Beart et al., 1988; Fig. 2d) and GABAergic (such as thalamic reticular neurons and cerebellar Purkinje neurons; Houser et al., 1980; Fonnum et al., 1970; Fig. 2F) cell populations, as well as monoaminergic nuclei (such as the serotonergic neurons of the raphe nuclei). These findings indicate that NUCB1 is a ubiquitously expressed neuronal protein that does not differentiate between excitatory, inhibitory and neuromodulatory neurons.
Cerebrospinal fluid glutamate concentration correlates with impulsive aggression in human subjects
2013, Journal of Psychiatric ResearchCitation Excerpt :While little work has been reported on the role of glutamate in human aggressive behavior, preclinical studies suggest that stimulation of central glutamate receptors typically increases aggressive behavior in lower mammals. As demonstrated in a number of preclinical studies in rodents, an excitatory amino acid pathway from the medial hypothalamus (MH) to the periaqueductal gray (PAG) is associated with aggressive behavior (Beart et al., 1998, 1990; Beitz, 1989). In the rat, there is a dense and distinct group of glutamatergic neurons expressing glutamate transporter protein over the entire hypothalamic attack area, with the rostral portion predominantly containing glutamatergic, and the caudal portion having both glutaminergic and, to a lesser degree, GABAergic, neurons (Hrabovszky et al., 2005).
Posterior hypothalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation restores locomotion in rats with haloperidol-induced akinesia but not skilled forelimb use in pellet reaching and lever pressing
2011, NeuroscienceCitation Excerpt :Some research suggests PH stimulation mainly elicits defensive flight. The PH shares extensive interconnections with other areas of the brain that would elicit defensive-flight like response when stimulated, such as the periaqueductal gray, reticular formation, and septal complex (Swanson and Cowan, 1979; Beart et al., 1988; Vertes et al., 1995; Vertes and Crane, 1996; Abrahamson and Moore, 2001; Cavdar et al., 2001a); thus supporting the view that its stimulation would engage the functional circuitry involved in such behavior. It is understandable that if the main effect of PH stimulation is flight, the rats would not engage in skilled behavior.
Hypothalamic control of pain vocalization and affective dimension of pain signaling
2010, Handbook of Behavioral Neuroscience