Electrical stimulation of the auditory nerve in deaf kittens: Effects on cochlear nucleus morphology
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Validation of the LittlEARS Auditory Questionnaire in cochlear implanted infants and toddlers
2017, International Journal of Pediatric OtorhinolaryngologyCitation Excerpt :Neurological investigations demonstrate that early cochlear implantation minimizes auditory deprivation in children with profound deafness [1,38,39]. In animals, physiological and neurological studies examining the effects of poor or no stimulation of the auditory system on cortical plasticity support the “earlier is better” argument [40–43]. On this evidence, we expected to see differences in auditory development between children implanted before and after 12 months of age – and this was confirmed.
Higher-order auditory areas in congenital deafness: Top-down interactions and corticocortical decoupling
2017, Hearing ResearchCitation Excerpt :In these animals early chronic electrostimulation with cochlear implants reversed most of the deficits observed in deaf animals (reviewed in Kral et al., 2006), demonstrating that the absence of hearing experience was the cause of the deficits in this animal model. Pharmacologically deafened cats before onset of hearing (neonatally deafened animals, Matsushima et al., 1991; Snyder et al., 1990). Also in these animals early chronic electrostimulation has provided evidence of reversibility of the deafness-induced deficits (Fallon et al., 2009b; Fallon et al., 2014; Leake et al., 1992; Snyder et al., 1990, 1991).
Cochlear implantation under the first year of age-The outcomes. A critical systematic review and meta-analysis
2010, International Journal of Pediatric OtorhinolaryngologyCitation Excerpt :However, Ryugo et al. reported that successful restoration of the abnormal synaptic structures in the auditory nerve endings of deaf cats to a normal state is feasible after continuous stimulation of their auditory nerves with a six-channel cochlear implant for 3 months [15]. Nevertheless, electrical stimulation of the inner ear is more effective in younger animals compared to older ones in eliciting gene expression that is associated with the development of a functional network in the auditory pathways [16–18]. The above experiments support the notion that critical periods exist for the preservation or restoration of the auditory system in profoundly deaf children [19].