Electrofluidodynamic Technologies (EFDTs) for Biomaterials and Medical Devices

Electrofluidodynamic Technologies (EFDTs) for Biomaterials and Medical Devices

Principles and Advances
Woodhead Publishing Series in Biomaterials
2018, Pages 205-220
Electrofluidodynamic Technologies (EFDTs) for Biomaterials and Medical Devices

11 - Bioactive fibers for bone regeneration

https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-101745-6.00011-6Get rights and content

Abstract

Electrospinning technique is one of the most cost-effective methods to produce controlled artificial extracellular matrix (ECM) for bone regeneration. The production of organic/inorganic nanofibers mimics shape and morphology of the collagen fibrils found in natural bone ECM, providing the needed 3D environment for bone cells to restore bone. The combination of synthetic biodegradable polymers, biopolymers, hydrogels, bioglass, and crystalline ceramics results in the production of bioactive nanofibers with different properties. In this chapter, we review the current possibilities of the strategies based on bioactive fibers applied in bone regeneration, as well as the mechanisms that bone undergoes when it is regenerated, to understand the standards that an artificial ECM must fulfill to be as efficient as possible.

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    Also, several materials commercialized are not bioactive, osteoinductor and have a high risk of producing bacterial infections [15, 16, 17]. For this reason, new materials and solutions are being developed to satisfy medical needs, where it can stand out a trend using polymeric, ceramic and composites materials instead of metals [1, 15, 18, 19]. Fibers and textiles have been used for medical applications especially in regenerative medicine.

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