LaparoscopyA competency-based virtual reality training curriculum for the acquisition of laparoscopic psychomotor skill
Section snippets
Methods
Twenty medical students with no previous laparoscopic experience were recruited to undergo a training program on the MIST-VR simulator. Training sessions were delivered over a maximum period of 14 days, with 2 sessions per day, each at least 1 hour apart. A study coordinator was present during all training sessions to provide technical assistance.
MIST-VR is the most widely validated laparoscopic VR simulator and has 12 basic tasks at 3 levels of difficulty: easy, medium, and hard (Fig. 1)[20],
Statistical Analysis
Data were analyzed by the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 11.5 (SPSS, Chicago, IL) using nonparametric tests. Data on learning curves were analyzed by the Friedman (nonparametric repeated measures analysis of variance [ANOVA]) test. Multiple comparisons were then made to identify when plateau of skills had occurred. Comparison of performance between groups A and B was undertaken using the Mann-Whitney U test. A level of P < .05 was considered statistically significant.
Results
All 20 participants completed the study curriculum, and there were no demographic differences between groups A (12 tasks) and B (2 tasks) (Table 1). At the easy level, baseline performance scores were similar for groups A and B in terms of time taken (P = .588), economy of movement (P = .813), and error scores (P = .496). Assessment of performance during training at the medium level for groups A and B on task 6 for core skills 1 revealed a statistically significant flattening of the learning
Comments
This study has established an evidence-based VR training curriculum for the acquisition of psychomotor skill. Previous studies have demonstrated plateau of skill acquisition at the easy and medium levels [8], [9], [12]. However, it was the aim of this study to define a stepwise curriculum moving from easy to medium and onto hard levels of difficulty, and to provide objective evidence regarding the most efficient use of the simulator.
This study has shown that it is possible to acquire the same
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