Parameterization of surface resistances to gaseous dry deposition in regional-scale numerical models

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2007.10.058

Atmospheric Environment

Volume 41, Supplement, 2007, Pages 52-63

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2007.10.058 Get rights and content

Abstract

Methods for estimating the dry deposition velocities of atmospheric gases in the U.S. and surrounding areas have been improved and incorporated into a revised computer code module for use in numerical models of atmospheric transport and deposition of pollutants over regional scales. The key improvement is the computation of bulk surface resistances along three distinct pathways of mass transfer to sites of deposition at the upper portions of vegetative canopies or structures, the lower portions, and the ground (or water surface). This approach replaces the previous technique of providing simple look-up tables of bulk surface resistances. With the surface resistances divided explicitly into distinct pathways, the bulk surface resistances for a large number of gases in addition to those usually addressed in acid deposition models (SO₂, O₃ NO_x, and HNO₃) can be computed, if estimates of the effective Henry's Law constants and appropriate measures of the chemical reactivity of the various substances are known. This has been accomplished successfully for H₂O₂, HCHO₃ CH₃CHO (to represent other aldehvdes), CH₃O₂H (to represent organic peroxides), CH₃C(O)O₂H, HCOOH (to represent organic acids), NH₃, CH₃C(O)O₂NO₂ and HNO₂. Other factors considered include surface temperature, stomata1 response to environmental parameters, the wetting of surfaces by dew and rain, and the covering of surfaces by snow. Surface emission of gases and variations of uptake characteristics by individual plant species within the landuse types are not considered explicitly.

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^☆: This work was supported as part of the National Acid Precipitation Assessment Program by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through IAG DW89932394-01 to the U.S. Department of Energy.

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Parameterization of surface resistances to gaseous dry deposition in regional-scale numerical models☆

Abstract

Atmospheric Environment

Atmospheric Environment

Atmospheric Environment

Chemosphere

Atmospheric Environment

Atmospheric Environment

Atmospheric Environment

Simultaneous field measurements of biogenic emissions of nitric oxide and nitrous oxide

J. geophys. Res.

Accumulation of airborne polychlorinated biphenyls in foliage

Science

Chemical mechanisms of acid generation in the troposphere

Nature

A three-dimensional Eulerian acid deposition model: Physical concepts and formulation

J. geophys. Res.

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Agron. J.

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Soil Sci. Soc. Am.

Dry deposition of NOx to grass in rural East Anglia

Atmospheric Environment

Mean concentration and flux profiles for chemically reactive species in the atmospheric surface layer

Atmospheric Environment

Turbulent transfer of sulphur dioxide to a wheat crop

Q. JI R. Met. Soc.

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Envir. Sci. Technol.

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Physiologica Plantarum

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Pine forest: a negligible sink for atmospheric NOx in rural Sweden

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Dry deposition of NO_x to grass in rural East Anglia

Pine forest: a negligible sink for atmospheric NO_x in rural Sweden