Short reportPhytochemical and termiticidal study of Lantana camara var. aculeata leaves
Section snippets
Plant
Lantana camara var. aculeata (Verbenaceae), leaves collected from the vicinity of Izatnagar, Bareilly, India in August 2000, was identified by Dr. D. K. Saxena of the Botany Department, Bareilly College, Bareilly, India. A voucher specimen is kept in the Herbarium of Bareilly College, Bareilly, India.
Uses in traditional medicine and other reported activities
The leaves of the plant are boiled like tea and the decoction is a remedy against cough [1]. A decoction of the plant is given as treatment for tetanus, rheumatism, malaria and ataxy of abdominal viscera. Pounded leaves are applied to cuts, ulcers and swellings; a decoction of the leaves is used as a lotion for wound [2]. Anti-feedant, larval mortality/repellency, anti-fungal and antibacterial activities of extracts of Lantana leaves have been reported [3], [4], [5], [6], [7], [8].
Previously isolated classes of constituents
Triterpenoids [9], [10], [11], [12], [13], [14], [15], [16], [17], [18], [19], [20], [21], proteins [22], carbohydrates [23], lactones [24], furfural [25] and flavonoids [7], [26].
Tested material
Petroleum ether, methanol, water, methanol:water (90:10), hexane, chloroform and n-butanol extracts (yields: 4.87, 18.2, 11.1, 13.4, 9.39, 7.69 and 8.7%, respectively). Phytochemical screenings were carried out according to standard methods [27], [28], [29].
Studied activity
Termite mortality was recorded by filter paper method after 24 and 48 h of treatment with various extracts and pure solvents [30]. The termite mortality was recorded in triplicates for each extract of L. camara/control solvent with 25 termite workers. LD50 values were determined by probit analysis, based on a range of 4–5 doses.
Animals
Adult workers of Microcerotermes beesoni termite obtained from the laboratory colony were maintained on artificial medium.
Results
The results are reported in Table 1 (phytochemical screening) and Table 2 (termite mortality).
Conclusions
Only 5% chloroform extract exhibited excellent termite mortality. On the basis of the LD50, the effect of 5% chloroform extract against M. beesoni termite was the most interesting in comparison with 0.5% chlorpyrifos. The obtained results may also provide a support to the uses of the plant in traditional termite control.
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2nd World Congress on Biotechnological Development of Herbal Medicine, 20–22 February, Lucknow, India
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