Development and heat treatment of β-phase titanium alloy for orthopedic application

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2021.03.665Get rights and content

Abstract

In the current study, the latest class of titanium alloy β-phase (Ti-Nb-Ta-Zr) using orthopaedic device vacuum arc melting methods. The alloy is repeatedly melted to strengthen its homogeneity. To ensure homogeneity, the ß-phase Ti-Nb-Ta-Zr alloy was replenished 4 times using the electric arch. The analysis of the β-phase as-developed titanium alloy's microstructure, elemental and phase composition was examined. Vickers Micro-hardness tester and a universal testing machine have calculated the micro-hardness and tensile strength of the formed β-phase titanium alloy (UTM, BIS). The metastatic β-Phase alloy with a coarse kernel range of ~ 250 μm was found in the micro-structure study. The crystallographic analysis revealed that the metastable 'β' stage in the matrix was β-TNTZ alloy. The mechanical properties include the 590 MPa train strength (UTS) with an elongation of 13.47 percent, and are smaller than those in Ti-6Al-4 V alloy and SS-316L with a 55 MPa young modulus near the cortical bone (approximately 10-30GPa). The surface properties were improved after heat treatment. The mechanical properties of β-Ti alloy relative to other titanium alloys for biomedical application.

Section snippets

Background

Biomaterial is a product of bio-mechanical engineering tool to provide the solution for joint replacement [1], [2], [3], [4], [5]. There are number of biomaterials (metallic, ceramics, and polymers) has been developed by researchers for various orthopedics application like stent, scaffolds, hard tissue replacements, and spinal degenerative disc disease [6], [7], [8], [9], [10], [11], [12], [13], [14], [15], [16], [17], [18], [19], [20], [21]. Various advanced manufacturing processes has been

Materials and method

The new β-type metastatic Ti alloy group (Ti-35Nb-7Ta-5Zr) was formed using the method of vacuum arc melting during this research. Vacuum arc melting is a secondary method used for the processing of extremely chemical and mechanical ingots with high concentration in high demands, such as the biomaterials, the aerospace industry. During this process, a typical inert gas welding unit is used as a heat source. Heating is achieved by an electric arc struck in the inert atmosphere between a tungsten

Results and discussion

Fig. 4 illustrates β-TNTZ and β-TNTZht alloy's micro-structure, elementary composition, phase composition, and mechanical characteristics. The Microstructure, EDS-spectrum related, and HR-TEM crystallogram structure of β-TNTZ alloy as formed are seen in Fig. 4(a). The microstructural exam found that β-TNTZ alloy had a metastable β-phase of coarse grain size of ~ 250 μm, as otherwise reported [12]. The crystallographic analysis revealed that β-TNTZ was a metastable 'β' stage in the matrix, refer

Conclusions

The vacuum arc melting process was used to produce a low-elastic (55 GPa) alloy β-phase style Ti-Nb-Ta-Zr alloy. The β-phase alloy Ti-Nb-Ta-Zr has undergone thermal therapy in order to have mechanical suitability for HIP implants. After heat treatment, the strength of the tensile and micro-hardness of the β-TNTZ is increased from 590 to 1195 MPa and 245 to 515HV. The elastic module of the alloy β-TNTZ is 89 GPa, smaller than the alloy of Ti-4Al-4 V (110 GPa) and Co-Cr (220 GPa). The results

CRediT authorship contribution statement

Danish Raza: Conceptualization, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing. Gautam Kumar: Conceptualization, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing. Mohammad Uzair: Visualization, Investigation, Supervision, Data curation, Conceptualization, Methodology, Validation, Writing - review & editing. Muna Kumar Singh: . Dawood Sultan: Visualization, Investigation, Supervision, Data curation, Conceptualization, Methodology, Validation, Writing - review & editing. Rahul Kumar:

Declaration of Competing Interest

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

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