The Detection of Microemboli in the Middle Cerebral Artery during Cardiopulmonary Bypass: A Transcranial Doppler Ultrasound Investigation Using Membrane and Bubble Oxygenators
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2011, Journal of Neuroscience MethodsCitation Excerpt :But given that up to 60% of the normal population may present with right-to-left shunt of either intracardiac or pulmonary arteriovenous malformations (Woods et al., 2010), an inexpensive means of screening such as TCD, as part of a diagnostic battery, may be very useful. Both gaseous and solid microemboli can be detected using TCD through recognition of irregularities within the Doppler signal (Padayachee et al., 1987; Deverall et al., 1988; Ringelstein et al., 1998). Although these microemboli are often clinically silent, their detection may be of prognostic value in assessing risk of stroke, and of use during cardiac or vascular surgeries where gaseous emboli may originate from the oxygenator.
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We gratefully acknowledge the help of members of the cardiopulmonary bypass team at Guy's Hospital and the Perfusion Department at London Bridge Hospital. We are most grateful to the Coronary Artery Disease Research Association (CORDA) for financial support (T.S.P.) and to the Handicapped Children's Aid Committee for financial help with equipment.