The corrosion inhibition of mild steel in acidic media by a new triazole derivative

doi:10.1016/S0010-938X(98)00153-X

Corrosion Science

Volume 41, Issue 4, 1 April 1999, Pages 789-803

https://doi.org/10.1016/S0010-938X(98)00153-X Get rights and content

Abstract

A new corrosion inhibitor, namely, 3,5-bis (2-thienyl)-4-amino-1,2,4-triazoles (2-TAT) has been synthesised and its inhibiting action on the corrosion of mild steel in acid baths (1 M HCl and 0.5 M H₂SO₄) has been investigated by various corrosion monitoring techniques, such as corrosion weight loss tests and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The electrochemical study reveals that this compound is an anodic inhibitor. Changes in impedance parameters (R_t and C_dl) are indicative of the adsorption of 2-TAT on the metal surface, leading to the formation of a protective film which grows with increasing exposure time. 2-TAT is able to reduce the steel corrosion more effectively in 1 M HCl than in 0.5 M H₂SO₄. The adsorption of this inhibitor is also found to obey the Langmuir adsorption isotherm in both acids. 2-TAT is considered as a non-cytotoxic substance.

Introduction

The use of inhibitors is one of the most practical methods for protection against corrosion, especially in acidic media [1]. The progress in this field has been phenomenal in recent years and is borne out by the output of literature [2]. Acid solutions are generally used for the removal of rust and scale in several industrial processes. Inhibitors are generally used in these processes to control the metal dissolution. HCl and H₂SO₄ are widely used in the pickling of steel and ferrous alloys. Most of the well known acid inhibitors are organic compounds containing nitrogen, sulphur and oxygen atoms. The influence of organic compounds containing nitrogen, such as amines and heterocyclic compounds, on the corrosion of steel in acidic solutions has been investigated by several workers 3, 4. The existing data show that most organic inhibitors act by adsorption on the metal surface. This phenomenon is influenced by the nature and surface charge of metal, by the type of aggressive electrolyte and by the chemical structure of inhibitors [5]. The aim of this paper is to study the inhibiting action of a new organic compound containing nitrogen, sulfur and aromatic rings. The electrochemical behaviour of steel in acidic media in the absence and presence of inhibitor has been studied by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and gravimetric methods. The toxicity of their inhibitors has been determined using the cell culture system.

Section snippets

Inhibitor

Fig. 1 shows the molecular structure of the investigated compound, which has been labelled 2-TAT.

Gravimetric measurements

The inhibition efficiency of the inhibitor for the corrosion of mild steel is calculated as follows $η (%)= W−W_{inh} W ×100,$ (1)where W and W_inh are the values of the corrosion weight loss of steel after immersion in solutions without and with inhibitor, respectively.

Table 1 gives values for the inhibition efficiency obtained from the weight loss measurements for different concentrations of 2-TAT in 1 M HCl and 0.5 M H₂SO₄. An identical trend is observed in both media as inhibition efficiency

Discussion

The adsorption of 2-TAT on the metal surface can occur either directly on the basis of donor–acceptor interactions between the p-electrons of the heterocycle compound and the vacant d-orbitals of iron surface atoms, or the interaction of 2-TAT with already adsorbed chloride or sulfate ions [14]. The better performance of aminotriazoles in 1 M HCl can be explained in the following way. In aqueous acidic solutions, the aminotriazole exist either as neutral molecules or in the form of cations.

Conclusion

It can be concluded that:

1.
2-TAT inhibits the corrosion of mild steel in both acids, but better performance, are seen in the case of HCl.
2.
2-TAT behaves as an anodic inhibitor.
3.
Strong adsorption of 2-TAT molecules on the actives of a metal surface suppress the dissolution reaction and adsorption leads to the formation of a protective film which grows with increasing exposure time.
4.
The adsorption of 2-TAT on the mild steel surface from 1 M HCl and 0.5 M H₂SO₄ follows a Langmuir adsorption isotherm.
5.

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