HighlightsPurinergic cotransmission
Section snippets
Purinergic neurotransmission
The first hint that ATP might be a neurotransmitter came from Holton in 1959 [9], who presented evidence for release of ATP from collateral branches of primary afferent sensory fibres during antidromic impulses, in sufficient amounts to produce vasodilatation of vessels in the rabbit ear artery.
In the early 1960s, Burnstock and his colleagues in Melbourne recorded inhibitory junction potentials (IJP’s) in intestinal smooth muscle in response to stimulation of nonadrenergic, noncholinergic
ATP as a cotransmitter
The possibility that some nerve fibres store and release more than one transmitter was raised by Burnstock in 1976 [3], and there is now considerable evidence for the coexistence of established transmitters with purine nucleotides in nerve terminals in both central and autonomic nervous systems 4, 5 (see Fig. 1).
It has been known for a number of years that ATP is stored and released together with catecholamines from adrenal chromaffin cells. The first indication that ATP might be released from
Significance
The important roles of purinergic cotransmission in control of various activities in visceral and cardiovascular systems is already recognised and is beginning to become apparent for many normal activities in the CNS. There is a rapid growth of interest in the roles of purinergic signalling in pathological conditions and therapeutic potential is being explored for a number of disease conditions, including bladder and renal failure, incontinence, pain, vasospasm, cancer, cystic fibrosis,
References (10)
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Purinergic signallingPathophysiological roles
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The effects of Tityus bahiensis scorpion venom on the contractility of jejunum, vas deferens, and the aorta is differentially affected by tetrodotoxin
2021, ToxiconCitation Excerpt :The sympathetic system densely innerve vas deferens (Burnstock, 1999; Stjarne and Stjarne, 1989; Westfall et al., 1990) and vascular tissues (Tsuru et al., 2002). The release of noradrenaline and ATP, the two principal mediators of the sympathetic system in these tissues (Burnstock, 1999; Stjarne and Stjarne, 1989; Tsuru et al., 2002; Westfall et al., 1990) may be responsible for contraction. In this way, Collaço et al. (2020) verify that T. bahiensis venom promotes the contraction of vas deferens by ATP release.
Epithelial–Neuronal Communication in the Colon: Implications for Visceral Pain
2020, Trends in NeurosciencesCitation Excerpt :The mechanisms that underlie ATP release from epithelial cells are only partially known. As shown for neurons and adrenal chromaffin cells [53,54], ATP may be released in combination with other neurotransmitters from EC cells or other EECs [55]. ATP can also be co-released with hormones from EECs (e.g., L-cells release ATP along with GLP-1 and PYY [56]).
Volume Transmission and the Russian-Doll Organization of Brain Cell Networks: Aspects of Their Integrative Actions
2014, Neuronal Networks in Brain Function, CNS Disorders, and TherapeuticsArsenic alters behavioral parameters and brain ectonucleotidases activities in zebrafish (Danio rerio)
2012, Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology - C Toxicology and PharmacologyCitation Excerpt :ATP is an early signaling molecule, considered as a neurotransmitter in the CNS and performs its functions when it is released into the synaptic cleft in a calcium-dependent manner (Burnstock, 1997; Cunha and Ribeiro, 2000). It is stored in presynaptic vesicles and is released after depolarization acting on specific receptors (Ralevic and Burnstock, 1998) ATP can be co-released along with several other neurotransmitters, such as acetylcholine, glutamate, norepinephrine, serotonin, and acid γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) (Burnstock, 1999, 2004). ATP activates P2 purinoceptors, which are subdivided into two distinct families: ionotropic P2X and metabotropic P2Y receptors (Ralevic and Burnstock, 1998).
Cotransmission
2009, Encyclopedia of NeuroscienceControl of cell proliferation by neurotransmitters in the developing vertebrate retina
2008, Brain ResearchCitation Excerpt :However, together these findings present two possible sources of dopamine in the developing retina; amacrine cells that express TH and DDC, and an as yet uncharacterized population of immature cells that express DDC earlier in development. Purine nucleotides play important roles as neurotransmitters and neuromodulators in the mature CNS (see Burnstock, 1999, 2006). Potential sources of extracellular purines include both neurons and glia.