Elsevier

Neurologic Clinics

Volume 3, Issue 1, February 1985, Pages 179-196
Neurologic Clinics

Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis: Current Status

https://doi.org/10.1016/S0733-8619(18)31062-4Get rights and content

Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) is a neurodegenerative disease of childhood that is due to a persistent measles infection. Owing to a nationwide immunization program in the United States, the incidence has decreased considerably, coexistent with the decline in natural measles infection. The disease, now fully understood, still represents a great international problem. Clinical presentation, etiology, pathogenesis, prevention, and treatment are updated in this article.

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    Diagnosis is made by Dyken's criteria, if 3 of the following five criteria are met: 1) typical clinical presentation, 2) typical electroencephalography (EEG) pattern, 3) raised measles antibody titer in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), 4) raised gamma globulin or oligoclonal band in the CSF, and 5) typical histological findings on brain biopsy. The third criterion is mandatory [9]. A diagnostic criterion of SSPE is typical EEG characterized by periodic slow wave complexes, which are bilaterally symmetric, synchronous, high-voltage (200–500 mV) bursts of polyphasic, stereotyped delta waves.

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