Restenosis After Successful Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty: Serial Angiographic Follow-Up of 229 Patients

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To further understand the temporal mode and mechanisms of coronary restenosis, 229 patients were studied by prospective angiographic follow-up on day 1 and at 1, 3 and 6 months and 1 year after successful percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. Quantitative measurement of coronary stenosis was achieved by cinevideodensitometric analysis. Actuarial restenosis rate was 12.7% at 1 month, 43.0% at 3 months, 49.4% at 6 months and 52.5% at 1 year.

In 219 patients followed up for ≥3 months, mean stenosis diameter was 1.91 ± 0.53 mm immediately after coronary angioplasty, 1.72 ± 0.52 mm on day 1, 1.86 ± 0.58 mm at 1 month and 1.43 ± 0.67 mm at 3 months. In 149 patients followed up for ≥6 months, mean stenosis diameter was 1.66 ± 0.58 mm at 3 months and 1.66 ± 0.62 mm at 6 months. In 73 patients followed up for 1 year, mean stenosis diameter was 1.65 ± 0.56 mm at 6 months and 1.66 ± 0.57 mm at 1 year. Thus, stenosis diameter decreased markedly between 1 month and 3 months after coronary angioplasty and reached a plateau thereafter. In conclusion, restenosis is most prevalent between 1 and 3 months and rarely occurs beyond 3 months after coronary angioplasty.

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